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Acute Colchicine Intoxication During Clarithromycin Administration

Acute Colchicine Intoxication During Clarithromycin Administration OBJECTIVETo report a case of colchicine intoxication occurring with institution of clarithromycin.CASE SUMMARYA 76-year-old man with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) had received colchicine 1.5 mg daily for 6 years. The patient underwent 7 days of clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and omeprazole treatment for Helicobacter pylori–associated gastritis. Fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea occurred 3 days after treatment initiation. On day 8, dehydration, pancytopenia, metabolic acidosis, and increased lipase level necessitated hospitalization. Alopecia was observed 2 weeks later. The patient recovered fully after the colchicine dosage was reduced to 0.5 mg/day and rehydration was performed. The previous dosage was then reinstituted without adverse reaction. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse event was probable.DISCUSSIONContinuous colchicine administration is used in treatment of microcrystalline arthritis, Behçet's disease, and FMF. Colchicine is primarily eliminated through biliary excretion. Renal elimination and cytochrome P450 metabolism play a less significant role. Colchicine is also a substrate of P-glycoprotein, a transporter involved in cellular efflux and elimination of numerous drugs. Three cases of intoxication have been reported when colchicine was combined with erythromycin, josamycin, or clarithromycin. Macrolides are inhibitors of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450–dependent enzymes and may decrease colchicine's biliary excretion through P-glycoprotein inhibition.CONCLUSIONSCoadministration of colchicine and macrolides may impair colchicine elimination, resulting in excess drug exposure and toxicity. To this end, colchicine should be used with extreme caution in patients receiving P-glycoprotein inhibitors, particularly if they are elderly and/or renally compromised. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Annals of Pharmacotherapy SAGE

Acute Colchicine Intoxication During Clarithromycin Administration

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References (23)

Publisher
SAGE
Copyright
© 2004 SAGE Publications
ISSN
1060-0280
eISSN
1542-6270
DOI
10.1345/aph.1E197
pmid
15494379
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

OBJECTIVETo report a case of colchicine intoxication occurring with institution of clarithromycin.CASE SUMMARYA 76-year-old man with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) had received colchicine 1.5 mg daily for 6 years. The patient underwent 7 days of clarithromycin, amoxicillin, and omeprazole treatment for Helicobacter pylori–associated gastritis. Fever, abdominal pain, and diarrhea occurred 3 days after treatment initiation. On day 8, dehydration, pancytopenia, metabolic acidosis, and increased lipase level necessitated hospitalization. Alopecia was observed 2 weeks later. The patient recovered fully after the colchicine dosage was reduced to 0.5 mg/day and rehydration was performed. The previous dosage was then reinstituted without adverse reaction. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse event was probable.DISCUSSIONContinuous colchicine administration is used in treatment of microcrystalline arthritis, Behçet's disease, and FMF. Colchicine is primarily eliminated through biliary excretion. Renal elimination and cytochrome P450 metabolism play a less significant role. Colchicine is also a substrate of P-glycoprotein, a transporter involved in cellular efflux and elimination of numerous drugs. Three cases of intoxication have been reported when colchicine was combined with erythromycin, josamycin, or clarithromycin. Macrolides are inhibitors of P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450–dependent enzymes and may decrease colchicine's biliary excretion through P-glycoprotein inhibition.CONCLUSIONSCoadministration of colchicine and macrolides may impair colchicine elimination, resulting in excess drug exposure and toxicity. To this end, colchicine should be used with extreme caution in patients receiving P-glycoprotein inhibitors, particularly if they are elderly and/or renally compromised.

Journal

Annals of Pharmacotherapy – SAGE

Published: Dec 1, 2004

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