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Everyday Memory, Actions, and Absent-Mindedness
- Publisher
- American Psychological Association
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1994 American Psychological Association
- ISSN
- 0278-7393
- eISSN
- 1939-1285
- DOI
- 10.1037/0278-7393.20.5.1063
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Three studies show that the retrieval process itself causes long-lasting forgetting. Ss studied 8 categories (e.g., Fruit). Half the members of half the categories were then repeatedly practiced through retrieval tests (e.g., Fruit Or____). Category-cued recall of unpracticed members of practiced categories was impaired on a delayed test. Experiments 2 and 3 identified 2 significant features of this retrieval-induced forgetting: The impairment remains when output interference is controlled, suggesting a retrieval-based suppression that endures for 20 min or more, and the impairment appears restricted to high-frequency members. Low-frequency members show little impairment, even in the presence of strong, practiced competitors that might be expected to block access to those items. These findings suggest a critical role for suppression in models of retrieval inhibition and implicate the retrieval process itself in everyday forgetting.
Journal
Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition – American Psychological Association
Published: Sep 1, 1994