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VOLUME 43 NUMBER S1 pp. 1–84 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY July 2023 Volume 43 Number S1 July 2023 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/joc Contents Volume 43 Number S1 July 2023 International Journal Introduction ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 1 Executive Summary ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2 1. Synoptic Situation …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 1.1 Atmospheric circulation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4 1.2 NAO index ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 of Climatology 2. Temperature ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 2.1 Annual, seasonal and monthly temperature ……………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7 2.2 Central England temperature …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 12 2.3 Comparison with global mean surface temperature ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 13 The Royal Meteorological Society Journal of Climate Science 2.4 Daily temperatures and extremes ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 2.5 Days of air and ground frost ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 18 2.6 Degree days ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 20 2.7 Coastal waters …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 22 3. Precipitation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 3.1 Annual, seasonal and monthly rainfall …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 3.2 England and Wales precipitation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 26 3.3 Daily rainfall and extremes ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 28 3.4 Days of rain and rainfall intensity ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 31 3.5 Heavy rainfall …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 32 3.6 Snow ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 33 4. Sunshine ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35 5. Wind ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 39 6. Sea level ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 43 7. Extremes for year 2022 ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 44 8. Year 2022 current and future climate change context …………………………………………………………………………………………… 46 8.1 Temperature ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 46 8.2 Rainfall ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
International Journal of Climatology – Wiley
Published: Jul 1, 2023
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