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Environmentally Friendly One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Alkylated Nitriles Using Hydrotalcite‐Supported Metal Species as Multifunctional Solid Catalysts

Environmentally Friendly One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Alkylated Nitriles Using Hydrotalcite‐Supported... A ruthenium‐grafted hydrotalcite (Ru/HT) and hydrotalcite‐supported palladium nanoparticles (Pdnano/HT) are easily prepared by treating basic layered double hydroxide, hydrotalcite (HT, Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3) with aqueous RuCl3⋅n H2O and K2[PdCl4] solutions, respectively, using surface impregnation methods. Analysis by means of X‐ray diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies proves that a monomeric RuIV species is grafted onto the surface of the HT. Meanwhile, after reduction of a surface‐isolated PdII species, highly dispersed Pd nanoclusters with a mean diameter of about 70 Å is observed on the Pdnano/HT surface by transmission electron microscopy analysis. These hydrotalcite‐supported metal catalysts can effectively promote α‐alkylation reactions of various nitriles with primary alcohols or carbonyl compounds through tandem reactions consisting of metal‐catalyzed oxidation and reduction, and an aldol reaction promoted by the base sites of the HT. In these catalytic α‐alkylations, homogeneous bases are unnecessary and the only by‐product is water. Additionally, these catalyst systems are applicable to one‐pot syntheses of glutaronitrile derivatives. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Chemistry - A European Journal Wiley

Environmentally Friendly One‐Pot Synthesis of α‐Alkylated Nitriles Using Hydrotalcite‐Supported Metal Species as Multifunctional Solid Catalysts

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References (75)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0947-6539
eISSN
1521-3765
DOI
10.1002/chem.200600317
pmid
16897802
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

A ruthenium‐grafted hydrotalcite (Ru/HT) and hydrotalcite‐supported palladium nanoparticles (Pdnano/HT) are easily prepared by treating basic layered double hydroxide, hydrotalcite (HT, Mg6Al2(OH)16CO3) with aqueous RuCl3⋅n H2O and K2[PdCl4] solutions, respectively, using surface impregnation methods. Analysis by means of X‐ray diffraction, and energy‐dispersive X‐ray, electron paramagnetic resonance, and X‐ray absorption fine structure spectroscopies proves that a monomeric RuIV species is grafted onto the surface of the HT. Meanwhile, after reduction of a surface‐isolated PdII species, highly dispersed Pd nanoclusters with a mean diameter of about 70 Å is observed on the Pdnano/HT surface by transmission electron microscopy analysis. These hydrotalcite‐supported metal catalysts can effectively promote α‐alkylation reactions of various nitriles with primary alcohols or carbonyl compounds through tandem reactions consisting of metal‐catalyzed oxidation and reduction, and an aldol reaction promoted by the base sites of the HT. In these catalytic α‐alkylations, homogeneous bases are unnecessary and the only by‐product is water. Additionally, these catalyst systems are applicable to one‐pot syntheses of glutaronitrile derivatives.

Journal

Chemistry - A European JournalWiley

Published: Jun 6, 2006

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