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Immunobiology of Natural Killer Lymphocytes in Transplantation

Immunobiology of Natural Killer Lymphocytes in Transplantation OVERVIEW Immunobiology of Natural Killer Lymphocytes in Transplantation Neil T. Young Natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are powerful effector cells of the peripheral immune system. NK cell functions are controlled by the expression of a variety of cell surface receptors with either inhibitory or activating roles. The genetic and functional diversity of this repertoire of receptors and the role of human leukocyte antigen class I histocompati- bility molecules as a major group of NK receptor ligands endows NK cells with an innate alloreactive capacity. Early studies of experimental bone marrow transplantation revealed an important role for NK cells in the rejection of allogeneic grafts and contributed significantly to our understanding of NK cell behavior. Both animal models and in vitro studies have since implicated NK cells as contributors to the pathology of clinical transplantation. However, recent clinical studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of exploiting NKcell alloreactivity in mismatched hematopoi- etic stem cell transplantation for particular types of acute leukemia. Future investigations of NK cell alloreactive functions will undoubtedly reveal additional roles and potential therapeutic applications of this fundamental cell type in clinical transplantation. Keywords: Natural killer lymphocyte, Histocompatibility, Transplantation. (Transplantation 2004;78: 1–6) atural killer (NK) cells are a subset http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Transplantation Wolters Kluwer Health

Immunobiology of Natural Killer Lymphocytes in Transplantation

Transplantation , Volume 78 (1) – Jul 1, 2004

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References (68)

ISSN
0041-1337
eISSN
1534-6080
DOI
10.1097/01.TP.0000123764.10461.4C
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

OVERVIEW Immunobiology of Natural Killer Lymphocytes in Transplantation Neil T. Young Natural killer (NK) lymphocytes are powerful effector cells of the peripheral immune system. NK cell functions are controlled by the expression of a variety of cell surface receptors with either inhibitory or activating roles. The genetic and functional diversity of this repertoire of receptors and the role of human leukocyte antigen class I histocompati- bility molecules as a major group of NK receptor ligands endows NK cells with an innate alloreactive capacity. Early studies of experimental bone marrow transplantation revealed an important role for NK cells in the rejection of allogeneic grafts and contributed significantly to our understanding of NK cell behavior. Both animal models and in vitro studies have since implicated NK cells as contributors to the pathology of clinical transplantation. However, recent clinical studies have demonstrated the potential benefits of exploiting NKcell alloreactivity in mismatched hematopoi- etic stem cell transplantation for particular types of acute leukemia. Future investigations of NK cell alloreactive functions will undoubtedly reveal additional roles and potential therapeutic applications of this fundamental cell type in clinical transplantation. Keywords: Natural killer lymphocyte, Histocompatibility, Transplantation. (Transplantation 2004;78: 1–6) atural killer (NK) cells are a subset

Journal

TransplantationWolters Kluwer Health

Published: Jul 1, 2004

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