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Feature page Millennium development goals The world appears on track to meeting the water‐related MDG target. But caution must be exercised: interpreting results as indicators for estimating ‘access’ to ‘safe’ water leaves out some important elements. 540–544 Malaria Paracheck was highly sensitive in diagnosing malaria in severely ill Thai children though it had poor specificity and missed some high‐density infections. At least 2 reliable negative tests should justify withholding antimalarial treatment; the optimal choice of these has yet to be identified. 545–550 In a sample of 3,044 African under‐fives with uncomplicated falciparum malaria there was an inverse relationship between white blood cell counts and age resulting in the standard approximation method significantly underestimating parasitaemia in the youngest age group and overestimating it in the oldest age groups. 551–554 Child health Commercially available probiotic preparations are not effective for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. Probiotic preparations should be chosen based on locally generated, convincing effectiveness data. 555–561 Passive plus active case detection by house‐to‐house visits efficiently found cases of congenital Chagas disease in rural Bolivia. 562–569 HIV/AIDS The higher risk of malnutrition among children in the poorest households is amplified among those whose mothers are infected with HIV. Also, the benefit of breastfeeding is not evident among children whose mothers are HIV positive. 570–578 Clinical markers associated with pre‐ART attrition could serve as ‘pointers’ to identify patients who merit fast‐tracking onto ART and/or closer clinical attention and follow up. 579–584 Chikungunya virus Investigation of an outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India during 2009–10 identified chikungunya virus as the etiological agent on the basis of high CHIKV IgM antibody positivity, clinical symptoms, virus isolation and presence of vector mosquitoes. 585–588 Male circumcision A representative study of 18–44 year‐olds in Zimbabwe showed that more knowledge about the health benefits of male circumcision positively affects people’s attitudes towards it. 589–597 Dengue Although global climate change is likely to affect the seasonal and geographic distribution of dengue fever in the Asia‐Pacific region, the influence of both climatic and non‐climatic factors should be considered in the development of a sophisticated multivariable predictive model to control and prevent dengue fever. 598–607 Filariasis A programmatic focus on the benefits of CDTI, as perceived by the beneficiaries, could provide grounds for motivating communities to comply with long‐term treatment with ivermectin in onchocerciasis endemic areas. 608–621 Maternal health Mobile phones can be employed in various ways to benefit maternal health, but more robust studies are needed to confirm this. 622–626 Current indicators and benchmarks on Emergency Obstetric Care need revision, but have potential for guiding efforts towards reducing maternal mortality. 627–639 Non‐communicable diseases 532 High rates of smoking and alcohol consumption among those 50 years of age and older in rural Africa – a neglected group – puts them at risk of non‐communicable diseases. 640–646 Health systems Essential medicines availability remains inadequate globally. A systematic review finds several practical interventions for improving medicines availability, more large scale research in this area is needed. 647–658 Personalia PN11‐1 Rolf D. Walter retires 659 PN11‐1 Obituary Dietrich W. Büttner 660 http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Tropical Medicine & International Health Wiley

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Tropical Medicine & International Health , Volume 16 (5) – May 1, 2011
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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
ISSN
1360-2276
eISSN
1365-3156
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02786.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Millennium development goals The world appears on track to meeting the water‐related MDG target. But caution must be exercised: interpreting results as indicators for estimating ‘access’ to ‘safe’ water leaves out some important elements. 540–544 Malaria Paracheck was highly sensitive in diagnosing malaria in severely ill Thai children though it had poor specificity and missed some high‐density infections. At least 2 reliable negative tests should justify withholding antimalarial treatment; the optimal choice of these has yet to be identified. 545–550 In a sample of 3,044 African under‐fives with uncomplicated falciparum malaria there was an inverse relationship between white blood cell counts and age resulting in the standard approximation method significantly underestimating parasitaemia in the youngest age group and overestimating it in the oldest age groups. 551–554 Child health Commercially available probiotic preparations are not effective for the treatment of acute diarrhea in children. Probiotic preparations should be chosen based on locally generated, convincing effectiveness data. 555–561 Passive plus active case detection by house‐to‐house visits efficiently found cases of congenital Chagas disease in rural Bolivia. 562–569 HIV/AIDS The higher risk of malnutrition among children in the poorest households is amplified among those whose mothers are infected with HIV. Also, the benefit of breastfeeding is not evident among children whose mothers are HIV positive. 570–578 Clinical markers associated with pre‐ART attrition could serve as ‘pointers’ to identify patients who merit fast‐tracking onto ART and/or closer clinical attention and follow up. 579–584 Chikungunya virus Investigation of an outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India during 2009–10 identified chikungunya virus as the etiological agent on the basis of high CHIKV IgM antibody positivity, clinical symptoms, virus isolation and presence of vector mosquitoes. 585–588 Male circumcision A representative study of 18–44 year‐olds in Zimbabwe showed that more knowledge about the health benefits of male circumcision positively affects people’s attitudes towards it. 589–597 Dengue Although global climate change is likely to affect the seasonal and geographic distribution of dengue fever in the Asia‐Pacific region, the influence of both climatic and non‐climatic factors should be considered in the development of a sophisticated multivariable predictive model to control and prevent dengue fever. 598–607 Filariasis A programmatic focus on the benefits of CDTI, as perceived by the beneficiaries, could provide grounds for motivating communities to comply with long‐term treatment with ivermectin in onchocerciasis endemic areas. 608–621 Maternal health Mobile phones can be employed in various ways to benefit maternal health, but more robust studies are needed to confirm this. 622–626 Current indicators and benchmarks on Emergency Obstetric Care need revision, but have potential for guiding efforts towards reducing maternal mortality. 627–639 Non‐communicable diseases 532 High rates of smoking and alcohol consumption among those 50 years of age and older in rural Africa – a neglected group – puts them at risk of non‐communicable diseases. 640–646 Health systems Essential medicines availability remains inadequate globally. A systematic review finds several practical interventions for improving medicines availability, more large scale research in this area is needed. 647–658 Personalia PN11‐1 Rolf D. Walter retires 659 PN11‐1 Obituary Dietrich W. Büttner 660

Journal

Tropical Medicine & International Health – Wiley

Published: May 1, 2011

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