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Alteration of the Orbicularis Oculi Reflex by Pontine Lesions: Study in Multiple Sclerosis

Alteration of the Orbicularis Oculi Reflex by Pontine Lesions: Study in Multiple Sclerosis Abstract THE RESPONSE of the orbicularis oculi muscle to a tap over the brow has two separate components: an early ipsilateral reflex and a late bilateral reflex.1 Electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve also evokes two separate contractile responses in the orbicularis oculi muscle (Fig 1) which are almost identical to the response to glabellar tap.2,3 The use of electrical stimulation has made it possible to apply this method in the ordinary electromyographic laboratory, and normal values and variations of this reflex have been well established.4,5 In recent years, alteration of the reflex in various diseases of the nervous system has been recognized.2-6 The reflex arc may be affected by lesions of the trigeminal nerve (afferent path), the facial nerve (efferent path), or of the pons (central connections). Practical application of this technique to the study of peripheral facial nerve paralysis5 and of trigeminal nerve References 1. Kugelberg, E.: Facial Reflexes , Brain 75:385-396 ( (Sept) ) 1952.Crossref 2. Rushworth, G.: Observation on Blink Reflexes , J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 25:93-108 ( (May) ) 1962.Crossref 3. Gandiglio, G., and Fra, L.: Further Observation on Facial Reflex , J Neurol Sci 5:273-285 ( (Sept) ) 1967.Crossref 4. Bender, L.F.; Maynard, F.M.; and Hastings, S.V.: The Blink Reflex as a Diagnostic Procedure , Arch Phys Med 50:27-31 ( (Jan) ) 1969. 5. Kimura, J.; Powers, J.M.; and Van Allen, M.W.: Reflex Response of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle to Supraorbital Nerve Stimulation: Study in Normal Subjects and in Peripheral Nerve Paresis , Arch Neurol 21:193-199 ( (Aug) ) 1969.Crossref 6. Kimura, J.; Rodnitzky, R.; and Van Allen, M.W.: Electrodiagnostic Study of Trigeminal Nerve: Orbicularis Oculi Reflex and Masseter Reflex in Trigeminal Neuralgia, Paratrigeminal Syndrome, and in Other Lesions of the Trigeminal nerve , Neurology , to be published. 7. Tokunaga, A., et al: An Experimental Study on Facial Reflex by Evoked Electromyography , Med J Osaka Univ 9:397-411 ( (Dec) ) 1958. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of Neurology American Medical Association

Alteration of the Orbicularis Oculi Reflex by Pontine Lesions: Study in Multiple Sclerosis

Kimura, Jun
Archives of Neurology , Volume 22 (2) – Feb 1, 1970
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References (9)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1970 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-9942
eISSN
1538-3687
DOI
10.1001/archneur.1970.00480200062006
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract THE RESPONSE of the orbicularis oculi muscle to a tap over the brow has two separate components: an early ipsilateral reflex and a late bilateral reflex.1 Electrical stimulation of the supraorbital nerve also evokes two separate contractile responses in the orbicularis oculi muscle (Fig 1) which are almost identical to the response to glabellar tap.2,3 The use of electrical stimulation has made it possible to apply this method in the ordinary electromyographic laboratory, and normal values and variations of this reflex have been well established.4,5 In recent years, alteration of the reflex in various diseases of the nervous system has been recognized.2-6 The reflex arc may be affected by lesions of the trigeminal nerve (afferent path), the facial nerve (efferent path), or of the pons (central connections). Practical application of this technique to the study of peripheral facial nerve paralysis5 and of trigeminal nerve References 1. Kugelberg, E.: Facial Reflexes , Brain 75:385-396 ( (Sept) ) 1952.Crossref 2. Rushworth, G.: Observation on Blink Reflexes , J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiat 25:93-108 ( (May) ) 1962.Crossref 3. Gandiglio, G., and Fra, L.: Further Observation on Facial Reflex , J Neurol Sci 5:273-285 ( (Sept) ) 1967.Crossref 4. Bender, L.F.; Maynard, F.M.; and Hastings, S.V.: The Blink Reflex as a Diagnostic Procedure , Arch Phys Med 50:27-31 ( (Jan) ) 1969. 5. Kimura, J.; Powers, J.M.; and Van Allen, M.W.: Reflex Response of the Orbicularis Oculi Muscle to Supraorbital Nerve Stimulation: Study in Normal Subjects and in Peripheral Nerve Paresis , Arch Neurol 21:193-199 ( (Aug) ) 1969.Crossref 6. Kimura, J.; Rodnitzky, R.; and Van Allen, M.W.: Electrodiagnostic Study of Trigeminal Nerve: Orbicularis Oculi Reflex and Masseter Reflex in Trigeminal Neuralgia, Paratrigeminal Syndrome, and in Other Lesions of the Trigeminal nerve , Neurology , to be published. 7. Tokunaga, A., et al: An Experimental Study on Facial Reflex by Evoked Electromyography , Med J Osaka Univ 9:397-411 ( (Dec) ) 1958.

Journal

Archives of Neurology – American Medical Association

Published: Feb 1, 1970

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