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Selection of Zidovudine Resistance Mutations and Escape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from Antiretroviral Pressure in Stavudine-Treated Pediatric Patients

Selection of Zidovudine Resistance Mutations and Escape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1... The relationship between clinical changes in stavudine activity and stavudine resistance was investigated in 16 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children who received stavudine monotherapy for 18 months. Seven patients responded well to stavudine therapy, 3 experienced transient reductions in virus load, and all others had no detectable virologic response. In both the responders and nonresponders, no changes in stavudine susceptibility or specific baseline/emergent mutations in reverse transcriptase were observed. Only posttherapy HIV isolates from transient responders had elevated IC50 values for stavudine. In 2 of the 3 transient responders, substitutions at codons 41, 210, and 215 were selected. The significance of these mutations was confirmed in viral competition experiments, site-directed mutagenesis, and in vitro selection. Selection of mutations previously associated with zidovudine resistance can be an important mechanism through which HIV may escape stavudine. The effect of these mutations on phenotypic stavudine susceptibility is relatively small but apparently large enough to be clinically significant. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Infectious Diseases Oxford University Press

Selection of Zidovudine Resistance Mutations and Escape of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 from Antiretroviral Pressure in Stavudine-Treated Pediatric Patients

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References (50)

Publisher
Oxford University Press
Copyright
© Published by Oxford University Press.
Subject
Major Articles
ISSN
0022-1899
eISSN
1537-6613
DOI
10.1086/339817
pmid
11930317
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The relationship between clinical changes in stavudine activity and stavudine resistance was investigated in 16 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children who received stavudine monotherapy for 18 months. Seven patients responded well to stavudine therapy, 3 experienced transient reductions in virus load, and all others had no detectable virologic response. In both the responders and nonresponders, no changes in stavudine susceptibility or specific baseline/emergent mutations in reverse transcriptase were observed. Only posttherapy HIV isolates from transient responders had elevated IC50 values for stavudine. In 2 of the 3 transient responders, substitutions at codons 41, 210, and 215 were selected. The significance of these mutations was confirmed in viral competition experiments, site-directed mutagenesis, and in vitro selection. Selection of mutations previously associated with zidovudine resistance can be an important mechanism through which HIV may escape stavudine. The effect of these mutations on phenotypic stavudine susceptibility is relatively small but apparently large enough to be clinically significant.

Journal

Journal of Infectious DiseasesOxford University Press

Published: Apr 15, 2002

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