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Reliability of DSM-III-R Anxiety Disorder Categories: Using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule—Revised (ADIS-R)

Reliability of DSM-III-R Anxiety Disorder Categories: Using the Anxiety Disorders Interview... Abstract • A large reliability study of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders is reported in which outpatients (n=267) received two independent structured interviews (Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule—Revised). It is the only reliability study to date in which the final DSM-III-R criteria are used throughout the study. Reliability was assessed for each diagnosis when it was assigned as a principal diagnosis and when it was assigned as either a principal or an additional diagnosis. Excellent reliability was obtained for current principal diagnoses of simple phobia, social phobia, and obsessivecompulsive disorder. Agreement was good for panic disorder when all severity levels of agoraphobic avoidance were combined. Reliability was fair for generalized anxiety disorder. Remaining diagnostic difficulties, particularly in identifying levels of agoraphobic avoidance and in reliably diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder, are discussed in the context of changes in diagnostic criteria that are under consideration for DSM-IV. References 1. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980. 2. Spitzer RL, Forman JBW, Nee J. DSM-III field trials, I: initial interrater diagnostic reliability . Am J Psychiatry . 1979;136:815-817. 3. Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Ratcliff KS. The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: its history, characteristics, and validity . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1981;38:381-389.Crossref 4. Barlow DH. The dimensions of anxiety disorders . In: Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc Publishers; 1985:479-500. 5. Di Nardo PA, O'Brien GT, Barlow DH, Waddell MT, Blanchard EB. Reliability of DSM-III anxiety disorder categories using a new structured interview . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1983;40:1070-1074.Crossref 6. Riskind JH, Beck AT, Berchick RJ, Brown G, Steer RA. Reliability of DSM-III diagnoses for major depression and generalized anxiety disorder using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1987;44:817-820.Crossref 7. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987. 8. Barlow DH, Blanchard EB, Vermilyea JA, Vermilyea BB, Di Nardo PA. Generalized anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder: description and reconceptualization . Am J Psychiatry . 1986;143:40-44. 9. Mannuzza S, Fyer AJ, Martin MS, Gallops MS, Endicott J, Gorman J, Liebowitz MR, Klein DF. Reliability of anxiety assessment, I: diagnostic agreement . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;46:1093-1101.Crossref 10. Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB, Spitzer RL, Davies M, Borus J, Howes MJ, Kane J, Pope HG, Rounsaville B, Wittchen H. The structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R(SCID), II: multisite test-retest reliability . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1992;49:630-636.Crossref 11. American Psychiatric Association, Work Group to Revise DSM-III. DSM-III-R in Development: Second Draft . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1986. 12. Fyer AJ, Endicott J, Mannuzza S, Klein DF. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia: Lifetime Version (Modified for the Study of Anxiety Disorders) . New York, NY: Anxiety Disorders Clinic, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1985. 13. Mannuzza S, Fyer AJ, Klein DF, Endicott J. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version (modified for the study of anxiety disorders): rationale and conceptual development . J Psychiatry Res . 1986; 20:317-325.Crossref 14. Spitzer RL, Endicott J, Robins E. Research diagnostic criteria: rationale and reliability . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1978;35:773-782.Crossref 15. Spitznagel EL, Helzer JE. A proposed solution to the base rate problem in the kappa statistic . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1985;42:725-728.Crossref 16. Di Nardo PA, Barlow DH. Anxiety Disorders Interview ScheduleRevised (ADIS-R) . Albany, NY: Phobia and Anxiety Disorders Clinic; 1988. 17. Di Nardo PA, O'Brien GT, Barlow DH, Waddell MT, Blanchard EB. Reliability of DSM-III anxiety disorder categories using a new structured interview . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1983;40:1070-1074.Crossref 18. Fleiss JL, Nee JCM, Landis JR. Large sample variance of kappa in the case of different sets of raters . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1979;86:974-977. 19. Di Nardo PA, Barlow DH. Syndrome and symptom co-occurrence in the anxiety disorders . In: Maser JD, Cloninger CR, eds. Comorbidity of Mood and Anxiety Disorders . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press Inc; 1990:205-230. 20. Craske MG, Zarate R, Burton T, Barlow DH. Specific fears and panic attacks:a survey of clinical and nonclinical samples . J Anxiety Disord . In press. 21. Fyer AJ, Mannuzza S, Martin LY, Gallops MS, Endicott J, Schleyer B, Gorman JM, Liebowitz MR, Klein DF. Reliability of anxiety assessment, II: symptom agreement . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;46:1102-1110.Crossref 22. Barlow DH, Di Nardo PD. The diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder: development, current status, and future directions . In: Rapee RM, Barlow DH, eds. Chronic Anxiety: Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Mixed Anxiety Depression . New York, NY: Guilford Publications; 1991:95-118. 23. Craske MG, Rapee RM, Jackel L, Barlow DH. Qualitative dimensions of worry in DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder subjects and nonanxious controls . Behav Res Ther . 1989;27:397-402.Crossref 24. Sanderson WC, Barlow DH. A description of patients diagnosed with DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder . J Nerv Ment Dis . 1990;178:588-591.Crossref 25. American Psychiatric Association, Task Force on DSM-IV. DSM-IV Options Book . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1991. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Archives of General Psychiatry American Medical Association

Reliability of DSM-III-R Anxiety Disorder Categories: Using the Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule—Revised (ADIS-R)

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References (28)

Publisher
American Medical Association
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 American Medical Association. All Rights Reserved.
ISSN
0003-990X
eISSN
1598-3636
DOI
10.1001/archpsyc.1993.01820160009001
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Abstract

Abstract • A large reliability study of DSM-III-R anxiety disorders is reported in which outpatients (n=267) received two independent structured interviews (Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule—Revised). It is the only reliability study to date in which the final DSM-III-R criteria are used throughout the study. Reliability was assessed for each diagnosis when it was assigned as a principal diagnosis and when it was assigned as either a principal or an additional diagnosis. Excellent reliability was obtained for current principal diagnoses of simple phobia, social phobia, and obsessivecompulsive disorder. Agreement was good for panic disorder when all severity levels of agoraphobic avoidance were combined. Reliability was fair for generalized anxiety disorder. Remaining diagnostic difficulties, particularly in identifying levels of agoraphobic avoidance and in reliably diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder, are discussed in the context of changes in diagnostic criteria that are under consideration for DSM-IV. References 1. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1980. 2. Spitzer RL, Forman JBW, Nee J. DSM-III field trials, I: initial interrater diagnostic reliability . Am J Psychiatry . 1979;136:815-817. 3. Robins LN, Helzer JE, Croughan J, Ratcliff KS. The NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule: its history, characteristics, and validity . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1981;38:381-389.Crossref 4. Barlow DH. The dimensions of anxiety disorders . In: Tuma AH, Maser JD, eds. Anxiety and the Anxiety Disorders . Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc Publishers; 1985:479-500. 5. Di Nardo PA, O'Brien GT, Barlow DH, Waddell MT, Blanchard EB. Reliability of DSM-III anxiety disorder categories using a new structured interview . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1983;40:1070-1074.Crossref 6. Riskind JH, Beck AT, Berchick RJ, Brown G, Steer RA. Reliability of DSM-III diagnoses for major depression and generalized anxiety disorder using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1987;44:817-820.Crossref 7. American Psychiatric Association, Committee on Nomenclature and Statistics. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Revised Third Edition . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1987. 8. Barlow DH, Blanchard EB, Vermilyea JA, Vermilyea BB, Di Nardo PA. Generalized anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder: description and reconceptualization . Am J Psychiatry . 1986;143:40-44. 9. Mannuzza S, Fyer AJ, Martin MS, Gallops MS, Endicott J, Gorman J, Liebowitz MR, Klein DF. Reliability of anxiety assessment, I: diagnostic agreement . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;46:1093-1101.Crossref 10. Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB, Spitzer RL, Davies M, Borus J, Howes MJ, Kane J, Pope HG, Rounsaville B, Wittchen H. The structured clinical interview for DSM-III-R(SCID), II: multisite test-retest reliability . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1992;49:630-636.Crossref 11. American Psychiatric Association, Work Group to Revise DSM-III. DSM-III-R in Development: Second Draft . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1986. 12. Fyer AJ, Endicott J, Mannuzza S, Klein DF. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia: Lifetime Version (Modified for the Study of Anxiety Disorders) . New York, NY: Anxiety Disorders Clinic, New York State Psychiatric Institute; 1985. 13. Mannuzza S, Fyer AJ, Klein DF, Endicott J. Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version (modified for the study of anxiety disorders): rationale and conceptual development . J Psychiatry Res . 1986; 20:317-325.Crossref 14. Spitzer RL, Endicott J, Robins E. Research diagnostic criteria: rationale and reliability . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1978;35:773-782.Crossref 15. Spitznagel EL, Helzer JE. A proposed solution to the base rate problem in the kappa statistic . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1985;42:725-728.Crossref 16. Di Nardo PA, Barlow DH. Anxiety Disorders Interview ScheduleRevised (ADIS-R) . Albany, NY: Phobia and Anxiety Disorders Clinic; 1988. 17. Di Nardo PA, O'Brien GT, Barlow DH, Waddell MT, Blanchard EB. Reliability of DSM-III anxiety disorder categories using a new structured interview . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1983;40:1070-1074.Crossref 18. Fleiss JL, Nee JCM, Landis JR. Large sample variance of kappa in the case of different sets of raters . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1979;86:974-977. 19. Di Nardo PA, Barlow DH. Syndrome and symptom co-occurrence in the anxiety disorders . In: Maser JD, Cloninger CR, eds. Comorbidity of Mood and Anxiety Disorders . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press Inc; 1990:205-230. 20. Craske MG, Zarate R, Burton T, Barlow DH. Specific fears and panic attacks:a survey of clinical and nonclinical samples . J Anxiety Disord . In press. 21. Fyer AJ, Mannuzza S, Martin LY, Gallops MS, Endicott J, Schleyer B, Gorman JM, Liebowitz MR, Klein DF. Reliability of anxiety assessment, II: symptom agreement . Arch Gen Psychiatry . 1989;46:1102-1110.Crossref 22. Barlow DH, Di Nardo PD. The diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder: development, current status, and future directions . In: Rapee RM, Barlow DH, eds. Chronic Anxiety: Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Mixed Anxiety Depression . New York, NY: Guilford Publications; 1991:95-118. 23. Craske MG, Rapee RM, Jackel L, Barlow DH. Qualitative dimensions of worry in DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder subjects and nonanxious controls . Behav Res Ther . 1989;27:397-402.Crossref 24. Sanderson WC, Barlow DH. A description of patients diagnosed with DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder . J Nerv Ment Dis . 1990;178:588-591.Crossref 25. American Psychiatric Association, Task Force on DSM-IV. DSM-IV Options Book . Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1991.

Journal

Archives of General Psychiatry – American Medical Association

Published: Apr 1, 1993

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