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- Publisher
- Springer Journals
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2002 by Macmillan Publishers Limited
- Subject
- Medicine & Public Health; Medicine/Public Health, general; Internal Medicine; Cell Biology; Human Genetics; Oncology; Apoptosis
- ISSN
- 0950-9232
- eISSN
- 1476-5594
- DOI
- 10.1038/sj.onc.1205987
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
The interferon-inducible, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-activated protein kinase, PKR, plays key roles in regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and has been postulated as a tumor suppressor. Downstream effectors of PKR include the translation initiation factor, eIF2α, and the transcription factor, NF-κB. We found elevated levels of PKR protein, dsRNA-dependent PKR autophosphorylation activity, and phosphorylated eIF2α in melanoma cells compared to nontransformed melanocytes in culture. Treatment with interferon-α2b further induced PKR expression and activity. Immunohistochemical analysis of primary melanomas demonstrated minimal PKR immunoreactivity, but melanoma lymph node metastases expressed a high level of PKR protein. Furthermore, analysis of colon cancer specimens revealed that transformation from normal mucosa to adenomas and carcinomas was coincident with an increase in PKR expression. These data do not support the concept of PKR as a classic tumor suppressor but instead suggest that PKR upregulation occurs at defined steps in cancer progression, probably as a cellular response to neoplasia.
Journal
Oncogene – Springer Journals
Published: Dec 16, 2002