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Nucleic acid amplification testing of blood donors fortransfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases

Nucleic acid amplification testing of blood donors fortransfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTING DISEASE TRANSMISSION M.P. BUSCH AND S.H. KLEINMAN Present risks There has been a dramatic reduction in risk of virus transmission via transfusion over the last two decades, due in part to improvements in laboratory testing of donated blood ( Fig. 1 ). The present risk ranges from 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 700,000 per unit for the major viral agents. There are four sources of this remaining risk: preseroconversion (window‐phase) donations, viral variants, atypical seroconversion, and laboratory testing error ( Table 1 ). Viral variants such as HIV‐1 group O, unusual subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV), or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants occur; however, surveillance data indicate that these viral variants are very rare in the United States, particularly among blood donors Atypical seroconversion or immunosilent infection has generally been discounted. Several studies in the late 1980s reported high rates of HIV culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity among seronegative persons, and, in the early 1990s, it was suggested that up to 10 percent of persons with HCV infection may be immunosilent (PCR‐positive, antibody‐negative) carriers. These results were subsequently proven to be artifactual, because of PCR contamination and false‐positive culture http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Transfusion Wiley

Nucleic acid amplification testing of blood donors fortransfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases

Transfusion , Volume 40 (2) – Jan 1, 2000
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References (42)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 2000 Wiley Subscription Services
ISSN
0041-1132
eISSN
1537-2995
DOI
10.1046/j.1537-2995.2000.40020143.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

NUCLEIC ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTING DISEASE TRANSMISSION M.P. BUSCH AND S.H. KLEINMAN Present risks There has been a dramatic reduction in risk of virus transmission via transfusion over the last two decades, due in part to improvements in laboratory testing of donated blood ( Fig. 1 ). The present risk ranges from 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 700,000 per unit for the major viral agents. There are four sources of this remaining risk: preseroconversion (window‐phase) donations, viral variants, atypical seroconversion, and laboratory testing error ( Table 1 ). Viral variants such as HIV‐1 group O, unusual subtypes of hepatitis C virus (HCV), or hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants occur; however, surveillance data indicate that these viral variants are very rare in the United States, particularly among blood donors Atypical seroconversion or immunosilent infection has generally been discounted. Several studies in the late 1980s reported high rates of HIV culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity among seronegative persons, and, in the early 1990s, it was suggested that up to 10 percent of persons with HCV infection may be immunosilent (PCR‐positive, antibody‐negative) carriers. These results were subsequently proven to be artifactual, because of PCR contamination and false‐positive culture

Journal

Transfusion – Wiley

Published: Jan 1, 2000

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