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- Copyright
- Copyright IOP Publishing Ltd
- ISSN
- 0957-4484
- eISSN
- 1361-6528
- DOI
- 10.1088/0957-4484/18/45/455705
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Large-scale debundling of single-walled nanotubes has beendemonstrated by dilution of nanotube dispersions in the solvent-butyrolactone. This liquid, sometimes referred to as liquid ecstasy, is well known for itsnarcotic properties. At high concentrations the dispersions form an anisotropic,liquid crystalline phase which can be removed by mild centrifugation. At lowerconcentrations an isotropic phase is observed with a biphasic region at intermediateconcentrations. By measuring the absorbance before and after centrifugation,as a function of concentration, the relative anisotropic and isotropic nanotubeconcentrations can be monitored. The upper limit of the pure isotropic phase wasCNT0.004 mg ml1, suggesting that this can be considered the nanotube dispersion limit in-butyrolactone. After centrifugation, the dispersions are stable against sedimentation andfurther aggregation for a period of 8 weeks at least. Atomic-force-microscopy studies onfilms deposited from the isotropic phase reveal that the bundle diameter distributiondecreases dramatically as concentration is decreased. Detailed data analysis suggests thepresence of an equilibrium bundle number density. A population of individualnanotubes is always observed which increases with decreasing concentration untilalmost 40% of all dispersed objects are individual nanotubes at a concentration of6 × 104 mg ml1. The number density of individual nanotubes peaks at a concentration of6 × 103 mg ml1 where almost 10% of the nanotubes by mass are individualized.
Journal
Nanotechnology – IOP Publishing
Published: Nov 14, 2007