Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 7-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

The Drumming of the Drum-Fishes (Sciænidæ)

The Drumming of the Drum-Fishes (Sciænidæ) 376 SCIENCE. IN. S. VOL. XXII. NO.560. is longer tllan that of Bror~iosal~rus, the ab- that it has cieterrrlined tl~c fainily namc, the serrce of limbs in the whale mould reduce inquiries bcing in continuation of sorrlc ob- the watcr displacerrlent and weight. scrvatior~s and experinleilts oil the scluctcaguc Several new features are brought out ill re- (Cf?jnoscion regalis) carried on by l'rofeqsor latioil to the proportioils of Broniosaurus. It. W. Tower, at Woods Irlolc, in 1901 and 1902, and r~oled by rnc in lhe Rrport of the While a 11urnbc.r of tcrrr~inal vcrtebrze are un- dottbtedly missing, the tail is less elongate and IT. S. Fish Corr~rr~issior~er for 1902 (page 137). massive than was supposed by the writer at 'I'he diverse ilotior~s prevailing among one tirtic. Thcrc is no cvidcncc that it scrved ~nodcrn mri ters oil fishcs rrlay be sccn frorrl tl~e for the support of ille body, nor mas tlrc fin followir~g cluolations from a few standard dcielopmcnt for propulsioil in watcr so great works. as in Diplodoc~rs. h second point of interest (idathcr, in 'An Introduction to the Study is that tlw sacrum, mllile the center for motion, of Fislies' (1850), mal<es only a single refer- ence to druinrrling, and that a highly edifying was not certainly tllc, I~ighcst point in the one in coilncction with Pogonias crom is : body, as at one tinle suppoied hy the writer. 'I'he ccntcr of the vcrtcbra arc11 upward in These drumming sourids are frequently noticed front of the sacrum, and while the ilcural by persons in vessels lyirig at anchor on the coasts spines rapidly subqidc, the highest point ap- of the Urlitcd States. It is still a tilatter of un- pears to Ilave been about the middlr of the cert,rinty by what means the drum pioduces the sounds. Sotile riaturalists helleve that it is back; unlcss, iildccd, the fore lin~bs were very caused by the clapplrig together of the pharyngeal rlrtrch more flexed than appear in thc prcscilt teeth, mhich are very large mol;~r teeth. How- mount. e\ er, if it be true tlli~t the sounds are accompariied Thcre i.; still rooill for wide di-tt'erc.nccs of by a tremulous rrlotion of the ~essel, it seclns more opinion as regards tl~c habits and irlcans of ~)rot)tllr~lc that tllcy are produced by the fishes locorr~otior~ of thcsc gigantic anirrlals. Some beatirig their tails agaiilst the bottorrl of the hold the opir~ioil that the linlbs mere far inore vessel in order to get rid of the parasites x~itli flexed at thc liilcc and clbow thaa they are in ~vliich that part of their body is infested. the prcscnt rrlouat. that on land at least the Jordan ar~d Evcrnlann, ill thcir admirable animal had rather thc attitude of the alligator, ' Arnci-ican Food and Game Fishes' (1902), and lhal oilly while submerged beneath tllc reassert what was statcd in their 'Yishcs of watcr were the limbs straighleacd for the pur- North aid Middle America ' (1598), namely, poses of walking along the bottorrl, the claws that the peculiar noise is 'supposed to be pro- serving to Beep tl~c feet from sl~pping in tllc duced by forcing air from the air-l~ladder illto mud. EI. F. 0. one of thc lateral horns.' 13oulcngcr, ir~ thc seetioil on fisllrs in volurrle TIIE I)KlJllllI\TG OF Ttll: IIItIJXf-PISllES VII. of Llle Cambridge Natural lIistoryl (\CIANID 13). (1 904), discusses ' sound-producing organs ' at IT is rather rcrrlarl~ahle that so comrr~on a ioinc length, but appears to be unaware of function as the drurnming of fisl~cq should the special mecl~anisrr~ existing in the drum- have remailled so long misuadcrat ood ; that so fishes. Iic citcs several ways in which sounds ~nuch spccl~lation should have bccn indulged arc proriuczcd through the agcacy of musclcs in regarding a phci~omc~i~on so easily investi- conr~ectcd with the air-bladder, and copies gated in nlost parts of the world; and that a from Siirenscn' a diagrarrl of the air-bladder con ipicuo~~s specia1izc.d drunln~ir~g rr~uscle and ' nlusculo-tci~di~lous cxtcnsions frorr~ mus- should have hecil eilller ovcrlookcd or ignored cles of the body-wall ' of a croaker (Mio opogon by icllthyologists. For sc.vera1 years, as opport~~nity ivas af- I l;etieT\.c,d 1,~nr, ~ h till ~ in Sc~~;~ca, ~ d ~ ~ ~ fordcd, T have becn studying thr peculiar ~prl] 28, 1903. drurrlnling sounds made by those fishcs in %Joun~rcl of Anatom?/ (mid lJh~/.siology, Vol. w11ic.h this function ii so strili-ingly developed XSTX., 189.5. und~dalus) as an exarr~ple of fishes in which drurr~ming musclc, lying betwcen thc abdorrl- 'the air-bladder, without possessing special inal muscles and the peritoncum and cxtcnd- muscles of its own, may, nevertheless, be ing the entire length of the abdorr~en on either partially invested by tendinous, or partly rnus- side of the median line, the rnuscles of the cular and partly tendinous, extcnsions frorn two sides bcing nnited dorsally by a strong the rnusclcs of the body-wall.' aponcurosis. The nlusclc is of a decicied red In the latest and best general work on color, in sharp contrast to thc pale musclcs of ichthyology, Jordan's 'Guide to the Study of the abdorr~inal parietes, and the fibers are very Fishes ' (1905), this subject is but incidentally short, running at right angles to the long axis touched on, the principal reference being that of the muscle. 'the grunting noise rrladc by rr~ost of the 2. The muscle, with the aponeurosis, is in Scianidze in the water is at least connected close relation with the large air-bladder, and with the large and divided air-bladder.' by its rapid contractions produces a drurrinling The most satisfactory account of the drum- sound, with the aid of the tense air-bladder, ming function is that of Stirensen in his paper which acts as a resonator. Experimentally, ' Om Lydorgancr hos Fislce ' (Copenhagen, the removal of the air-bladder or the section 1884), the essential parts of which in the of the nerves supplying the nluscle abolishes present connection are restated in the article the sound; if a removed air-bladder is restored citcd by Boulenger. Stirensen aclmomledges, to its placo the drurr~ming is resumed; and however, that he had examined only a single thc substitulion for a rerr~oved air-bladder of dead specimen of a single scizenid species any hollow, thin-walled vessel of suitable size (Micropogon v,nd~tlalus), and it is not clear perrrrits the resurrrption of drumming when frorrr his description that he rec.ognized in the special muscle is stimulated. the 1nusc.le in relation with thc air-bladdcr a 3. Tllc muscale cxists only in the malcs, and distinct organ rathcr than simply an offslloot only the malcs are ablc to rrralie a drummir~g ' It is also of one of the abdomir~al muscles. sound. doubtful whether Dufoss6 (Annales des Xci- It is probable the drumming mecahanism ences Naturelles, XIX.-XX., 1874), whom and func.tion as existing in the squeteagues Stircnser~ quotes with approval, caorrectly in- are typicaal of a majority of tllc ger~era of terprcted the cause of this phenorrrcnon in the Scianida; but there are sorne intcrcstir~g drums, as this extract from Siirenscn's paper variatior~s in the lirrrited rlumbcr of gencra will show (italics mine) : which I have beer] able to examine in thc field By means of dissections [of Xcimna aqt~ila] and laboratory. Thus in tlle caroalrer (Micro- Dufossi: has proved that tones earl be produced pogon c~ndc~lat~~s) the spccial drumming mus- by the activity of most of the muscles, which, clc is present in both rnale and femalc, and coated with zrponnlroscs, are in immcdizrtc con- both scxcs makc the drumrrring sound; while tact with tllc diverticul;~ of the air-bladder, but in the so-caalled Iring-fishcs or wllitir~gs that the most frequent and most intense tones are (&fenticirrh~ts) the drumming muscale and air- produced by the activity of those muscles, which, bladder are abscrlt in both sexes and no drurrr- completely mrked, are plzrcetl around the long bnrnches of the largest diverticula. The tones ming sounds arc made. The seven c20mmonest may be of dil-fcrcnt pitch, in perfect zrccord;~ncc gcnera of drum-fishcs found along the ht- ~vitlr their being forrr~ed in diflercrit places (and lantic. coast may bc thus classified with refer- zlndc7. the it&flz~ence of di/)[ercnt muscles) . er~cc to tlle druminir~g furlctiorl: Tlle drurriirlii~g act hits beer] rrrorc thor- i. Urumining muscle present in botlr male zmd oughly studied in the squeteague than in any femzrlc, and drumining sound made by both other sciznid species; and the facts regarding scxcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .hficropogon. it, as dctermincd by Professor Tower, may ii. Drumming mllrclc present only in male, and here be repeatcd substantially as stated by me Urumming round produced only by the male. in 1902 (Z. c.), but in so~newllat greatcr detail: Pogonias, Xcicenops, Cynoscion, I,eiostoqnus, Bairdiella. 1. Thcre is in the sclueteague a spccial [N. S. VOL.XXII. No. 560. iii. Ilrumming muscle absent in 110th mirlc irntl fe- 1Tarloclc.l This is a plain and straiglltforward male, and no drurrlllling sound produced by narrative, interesting and instructive, sympa- either sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~lleaticirrltabs. thetic hut without pretense of eulogy; and tllougll the mutual dependenc.e of tllc two twin- It llas hcen obscrved in Pogoi~iusand otllcr stars of Swedisl-i natural sc.ienc.e is clrarly set genera that the clrumming soclndq are heard forth, there is no attempt to add luster to the moit frequently tlurir~g the spawning season; one at the expense of the other. Brotller and it is cvider~t that this fuiiction is pri- students and pioneers, tllrir relations arc as marily sexual. Coexistent with the ability to pleasing to contemplate as those hetween Dar- ~nalrc sourlds there sllould be the ability to ap- win and Wallace, and sucll corrlparisons as are preciate them; and Dr. (korge IT. Parleer's drawn between them in this hicaentcnary man- recent study of tllc syneteague ear, at the oir have (very appearar1c.e of being tmc and Woodq TTole laboratory of thc Bureau of Fish- fair-minded. cries, has shown in that sr)t(aies a well-drvel- Marly details of Artcdi's life, his difficulties, oped sound-perc.eiving orqan. It is a sug- devotion, temperament, rrrcthods of worlc and gestive facat that in the Sci~niclze the otolitlls other matters not generally lrnown arc told in arc c~xc.cptionally large; and as a rrreager con- this brief biography. Those irltercsted are tribution to this interesting subject I may colnmerldcd to read the slcetcll itsclf. Only a rrrerltior~ that in &f.lcnLici??k~ts (in wl-iic.11 no word may be said liere in appreciation of his drnrrrlning sounds arc produc.ed) the otolitlls ichthyologic~tl writings. Tllc I-iig1-i regard pro- arr relatively smaller than in any of the other fcssrd for them by Dr. Giintller and President genera that have been examined. Jordan in their popular worlcs on ' Fishes ' is IT[rar* Ill. RAIITTI. wcll Imown, and it is rare that one meets with CI REAT) 017 ~CTSIIERII~.~, less favorable c.omrnents. Dr. Gill, I-iowevcr, is \VAS~JTAC'I'D\I, 1). ('. inclined to talrc a sornewllat depreciatory view, since he rernarlrs in Scra~c:~ (XXTT., p. 140) : " 1 (.an by no rneans asscnt to the estimate as ON March tenth of this year occurred the to 'the extrcmcly vahable llistorical and bib- biccr~tcr~ary of the birth of Artedi, distin- liograpl-lical works of Artedi.' " " " " We hope tllnt our learned critic will not take it guisllcd Swedish naturalist, fourlder of rnoderrl amiss if we set over against his opir~iori the systematic ichthyology, friend and preceptor following extracts frorn the biography now in of I,innxttus, and coworker with the latter in our hands: various departments of natural history. Pre- Thc fourtli part of Artcdi's ' Ichthyologiir ' is maturely cut short in his career, he left an irn- cirllcd ' Synongrr~izr Nomium I'iscium.' In it, irs perishable legacy to scicr~cc in his own Giinther truly rcmarlts, refcrcnccs to all previous writings, and in so far as he I-ielpcd stinlulate znlthors ibre irrr;l.nged for every species, very much the acativity of his rnore farnous fellow country- in the same manner irs is adopted in tlle sys- rrran. Tt is little wonder that Artedi7s name tenlatic worlis of the present day; these rcfcrcnces sllould be hdd in pious rcgarcl by nearly all zrnd quotirtions are insertctl nnder the tlidgnosis of each scvenrl species, entailing for the author students of his favorite sc.ienc.e, and that the a vzrst zrmount of Iirbor, as 1dnn:rus hird occasion two-l-inndredth anniversary of his birth sllould to find ont \\,hen editing the work, for Artetli hat1 have been c.ommernoratct1 by some tribute of riot tluitc finishetl olP the copying of them in. Iiornage. Tlie laboriousness of the t;rslc becomes patent to On behalf of the Sweclisl-i Iloyal Academy of all, when it is ltnowri tliat Artetli nT:~s so con- Science, a biograpllical slietcl-i of Artedi, with scientious tlrat he went back even to tlie irncicnt an nppreciatior~ of his service as an inr~stiga- (>rcclc and Latin writers, zrnd entlr;~rol.ed to eluci- tor in biological sciencac, wa5 prepared by Pro- ' Peter Artedi : A Bicenter~irry \It.moir,' by A. fessor Einar Liinnl~rrg, of LJpsala I Jnivrrsity, ,I. E. Li;nnherg. IJpsaln arid Stoclilrol~rr, 190.7, and llai I)cm tranilatecl into Er~glislr by LIT. E. pp, I I, http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Science Unpaywall

The Drumming of the Drum-Fishes (Sciænidæ)

Smith, Hugh M.
Science – Sep 22, 1905
Download PDF
3 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/unpaywall/the-drumming-of-the-drum-fishes-sci-nid-W8mp03zK1A

References

References for this paper are not available at this time. We will be adding them shortly, thank you for your patience.

Publisher
Unpaywall
ISSN
0036-8075
DOI
10.1126/science.22.560.376
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

376 SCIENCE. IN. S. VOL. XXII. NO.560. is longer tllan that of Bror~iosal~rus, the ab- that it has cieterrrlined tl~c fainily namc, the serrce of limbs in the whale mould reduce inquiries bcing in continuation of sorrlc ob- the watcr displacerrlent and weight. scrvatior~s and experinleilts oil the scluctcaguc Several new features are brought out ill re- (Cf?jnoscion regalis) carried on by l'rofeqsor latioil to the proportioils of Broniosaurus. It. W. Tower, at Woods Irlolc, in 1901 and 1902, and r~oled by rnc in lhe Rrport of the While a 11urnbc.r of tcrrr~inal vcrtebrze are un- dottbtedly missing, the tail is less elongate and IT. S. Fish Corr~rr~issior~er for 1902 (page 137). massive than was supposed by the writer at 'I'he diverse ilotior~s prevailing among one tirtic. Thcrc is no cvidcncc that it scrved ~nodcrn mri ters oil fishcs rrlay be sccn frorrl tl~e for the support of ille body, nor mas tlrc fin followir~g cluolations from a few standard dcielopmcnt for propulsioil in watcr so great works. as in Diplodoc~rs. h second point of interest (idathcr, in 'An Introduction to the Study is that tlw sacrum, mllile the center for motion, of Fislies' (1850), mal<es only a single refer- ence to druinrrling, and that a highly edifying was not certainly tllc, I~ighcst point in the one in coilncction with Pogonias crom is : body, as at one tinle suppoied hy the writer. 'I'he ccntcr of the vcrtcbra arc11 upward in These drumming sourids are frequently noticed front of the sacrum, and while the ilcural by persons in vessels lyirig at anchor on the coasts spines rapidly subqidc, the highest point ap- of the Urlitcd States. It is still a tilatter of un- pears to Ilave been about the middlr of the cert,rinty by what means the drum pioduces the sounds. Sotile riaturalists helleve that it is back; unlcss, iildccd, the fore lin~bs were very caused by the clapplrig together of the pharyngeal rlrtrch more flexed than appear in thc prcscilt teeth, mhich are very large mol;~r teeth. How- mount. e\ er, if it be true tlli~t the sounds are accompariied Thcre i.; still rooill for wide di-tt'erc.nccs of by a tremulous rrlotion of the ~essel, it seclns more opinion as regards tl~c habits and irlcans of ~)rot)tllr~lc that tllcy are produced by the fishes locorr~otior~ of thcsc gigantic anirrlals. Some beatirig their tails agaiilst the bottorrl of the hold the opir~ioil that the linlbs mere far inore vessel in order to get rid of the parasites x~itli flexed at thc liilcc and clbow thaa they are in ~vliich that part of their body is infested. the prcscnt rrlouat. that on land at least the Jordan ar~d Evcrnlann, ill thcir admirable animal had rather thc attitude of the alligator, ' Arnci-ican Food and Game Fishes' (1902), and lhal oilly while submerged beneath tllc reassert what was statcd in their 'Yishcs of watcr were the limbs straighleacd for the pur- North aid Middle America ' (1598), namely, poses of walking along the bottorrl, the claws that the peculiar noise is 'supposed to be pro- serving to Beep tl~c feet from sl~pping in tllc duced by forcing air from the air-l~ladder illto mud. EI. F. 0. one of thc lateral horns.' 13oulcngcr, ir~ thc seetioil on fisllrs in volurrle TIIE I)KlJllllI\TG OF Ttll: IIItIJXf-PISllES VII. of Llle Cambridge Natural lIistoryl (\CIANID 13). (1 904), discusses ' sound-producing organs ' at IT is rather rcrrlarl~ahle that so comrr~on a ioinc length, but appears to be unaware of function as the drurnming of fisl~cq should the special mecl~anisrr~ existing in the drum- have remailled so long misuadcrat ood ; that so fishes. Iic citcs several ways in which sounds ~nuch spccl~lation should have bccn indulged arc proriuczcd through the agcacy of musclcs in regarding a phci~omc~i~on so easily investi- conr~ectcd with the air-bladder, and copies gated in nlost parts of the world; and that a from Siirenscn' a diagrarrl of the air-bladder con ipicuo~~s specia1izc.d drunln~ir~g rr~uscle and ' nlusculo-tci~di~lous cxtcnsions frorr~ mus- should have hecil eilller ovcrlookcd or ignored cles of the body-wall ' of a croaker (Mio opogon by icllthyologists. For sc.vera1 years, as opport~~nity ivas af- I l;etieT\.c,d 1,~nr, ~ h till ~ in Sc~~;~ca, ~ d ~ ~ ~ fordcd, T have becn studying thr peculiar ~prl] 28, 1903. drurrlnling sounds made by those fishcs in %Joun~rcl of Anatom?/ (mid lJh~/.siology, Vol. w11ic.h this function ii so strili-ingly developed XSTX., 189.5. und~dalus) as an exarr~ple of fishes in which drurr~ming musclc, lying betwcen thc abdorrl- 'the air-bladder, without possessing special inal muscles and the peritoncum and cxtcnd- muscles of its own, may, nevertheless, be ing the entire length of the abdorr~en on either partially invested by tendinous, or partly rnus- side of the median line, the rnuscles of the cular and partly tendinous, extcnsions frorn two sides bcing nnited dorsally by a strong the rnusclcs of the body-wall.' aponcurosis. The nlusclc is of a decicied red In the latest and best general work on color, in sharp contrast to thc pale musclcs of ichthyology, Jordan's 'Guide to the Study of the abdorr~inal parietes, and the fibers are very Fishes ' (1905), this subject is but incidentally short, running at right angles to the long axis touched on, the principal reference being that of the muscle. 'the grunting noise rrladc by rr~ost of the 2. The muscle, with the aponeurosis, is in Scianidze in the water is at least connected close relation with the large air-bladder, and with the large and divided air-bladder.' by its rapid contractions produces a drurrinling The most satisfactory account of the drum- sound, with the aid of the tense air-bladder, ming function is that of Stirensen in his paper which acts as a resonator. Experimentally, ' Om Lydorgancr hos Fislce ' (Copenhagen, the removal of the air-bladder or the section 1884), the essential parts of which in the of the nerves supplying the nluscle abolishes present connection are restated in the article the sound; if a removed air-bladder is restored citcd by Boulenger. Stirensen aclmomledges, to its placo the drurr~ming is resumed; and however, that he had examined only a single thc substitulion for a rerr~oved air-bladder of dead specimen of a single scizenid species any hollow, thin-walled vessel of suitable size (Micropogon v,nd~tlalus), and it is not clear perrrrits the resurrrption of drumming when frorrr his description that he rec.ognized in the special muscle is stimulated. the 1nusc.le in relation with thc air-bladdcr a 3. Tllc muscale cxists only in the malcs, and distinct organ rathcr than simply an offslloot only the malcs are ablc to rrralie a drummir~g ' It is also of one of the abdomir~al muscles. sound. doubtful whether Dufoss6 (Annales des Xci- It is probable the drumming mecahanism ences Naturelles, XIX.-XX., 1874), whom and func.tion as existing in the squeteagues Stircnser~ quotes with approval, caorrectly in- are typicaal of a majority of tllc ger~era of terprcted the cause of this phenorrrcnon in the Scianida; but there are sorne intcrcstir~g drums, as this extract from Siirenscn's paper variatior~s in the lirrrited rlumbcr of gencra will show (italics mine) : which I have beer] able to examine in thc field By means of dissections [of Xcimna aqt~ila] and laboratory. Thus in tlle caroalrer (Micro- Dufossi: has proved that tones earl be produced pogon c~ndc~lat~~s) the spccial drumming mus- by the activity of most of the muscles, which, clc is present in both rnale and femalc, and coated with zrponnlroscs, are in immcdizrtc con- both scxcs makc the drumrrring sound; while tact with tllc diverticul;~ of the air-bladder, but in the so-caalled Iring-fishcs or wllitir~gs that the most frequent and most intense tones are (&fenticirrh~ts) the drumming muscale and air- produced by the activity of those muscles, which, bladder are abscrlt in both sexes and no drurrr- completely mrked, are plzrcetl around the long bnrnches of the largest diverticula. The tones ming sounds arc made. The seven c20mmonest may be of dil-fcrcnt pitch, in perfect zrccord;~ncc gcnera of drum-fishcs found along the ht- ~vitlr their being forrr~ed in diflercrit places (and lantic. coast may bc thus classified with refer- zlndc7. the it&flz~ence of di/)[ercnt muscles) . er~cc to tlle druminir~g furlctiorl: Tlle drurriirlii~g act hits beer] rrrorc thor- i. Urumining muscle present in botlr male zmd oughly studied in the squeteague than in any femzrlc, and drumining sound made by both other sciznid species; and the facts regarding scxcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .hficropogon. it, as dctermincd by Professor Tower, may ii. Drumming mllrclc present only in male, and here be repeatcd substantially as stated by me Urumming round produced only by the male. in 1902 (Z. c.), but in so~newllat greatcr detail: Pogonias, Xcicenops, Cynoscion, I,eiostoqnus, Bairdiella. 1. Thcre is in the sclueteague a spccial [N. S. VOL.XXII. No. 560. iii. Ilrumming muscle absent in 110th mirlc irntl fe- 1Tarloclc.l This is a plain and straiglltforward male, and no drurrlllling sound produced by narrative, interesting and instructive, sympa- either sex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~lleaticirrltabs. thetic hut without pretense of eulogy; and tllougll the mutual dependenc.e of tllc two twin- It llas hcen obscrved in Pogoi~iusand otllcr stars of Swedisl-i natural sc.ienc.e is clrarly set genera that the clrumming soclndq are heard forth, there is no attempt to add luster to the moit frequently tlurir~g the spawning season; one at the expense of the other. Brotller and it is cvider~t that this fuiiction is pri- students and pioneers, tllrir relations arc as marily sexual. Coexistent with the ability to pleasing to contemplate as those hetween Dar- ~nalrc sourlds there sllould be the ability to ap- win and Wallace, and sucll corrlparisons as are preciate them; and Dr. (korge IT. Parleer's drawn between them in this hicaentcnary man- recent study of tllc syneteague ear, at the oir have (very appearar1c.e of being tmc and Woodq TTole laboratory of thc Bureau of Fish- fair-minded. cries, has shown in that sr)t(aies a well-drvel- Marly details of Artcdi's life, his difficulties, oped sound-perc.eiving orqan. It is a sug- devotion, temperament, rrrcthods of worlc and gestive facat that in the Sci~niclze the otolitlls other matters not generally lrnown arc told in arc c~xc.cptionally large; and as a rrreager con- this brief biography. Those irltercsted are tribution to this interesting subject I may colnmerldcd to read the slcetcll itsclf. Only a rrrerltior~ that in &f.lcnLici??k~ts (in wl-iic.11 no word may be said liere in appreciation of his drnrrrlning sounds arc produc.ed) the otolitlls ichthyologic~tl writings. Tllc I-iig1-i regard pro- arr relatively smaller than in any of the other fcssrd for them by Dr. Giintller and President genera that have been examined. Jordan in their popular worlcs on ' Fishes ' is IT[rar* Ill. RAIITTI. wcll Imown, and it is rare that one meets with CI REAT) 017 ~CTSIIERII~.~, less favorable c.omrnents. Dr. Gill, I-iowevcr, is \VAS~JTAC'I'D\I, 1). ('. inclined to talrc a sornewllat depreciatory view, since he rernarlrs in Scra~c:~ (XXTT., p. 140) : " 1 (.an by no rneans asscnt to the estimate as ON March tenth of this year occurred the to 'the extrcmcly vahable llistorical and bib- biccr~tcr~ary of the birth of Artedi, distin- liograpl-lical works of Artedi.' " " " " We hope tllnt our learned critic will not take it guisllcd Swedish naturalist, fourlder of rnoderrl amiss if we set over against his opir~iori the systematic ichthyology, friend and preceptor following extracts frorn the biography now in of I,innxttus, and coworker with the latter in our hands: various departments of natural history. Pre- Thc fourtli part of Artcdi's ' Ichthyologiir ' is maturely cut short in his career, he left an irn- cirllcd ' Synongrr~izr Nomium I'iscium.' In it, irs perishable legacy to scicr~cc in his own Giinther truly rcmarlts, refcrcnccs to all previous writings, and in so far as he I-ielpcd stinlulate znlthors ibre irrr;l.nged for every species, very much the acativity of his rnore farnous fellow country- in the same manner irs is adopted in tlle sys- rrran. Tt is little wonder that Artedi7s name tenlatic worlis of the present day; these rcfcrcnces sllould be hdd in pious rcgarcl by nearly all zrnd quotirtions are insertctl nnder the tlidgnosis of each scvenrl species, entailing for the author students of his favorite sc.ienc.e, and that the a vzrst zrmount of Iirbor, as 1dnn:rus hird occasion two-l-inndredth anniversary of his birth sllould to find ont \\,hen editing the work, for Artetli hat1 have been c.ommernoratct1 by some tribute of riot tluitc finishetl olP the copying of them in. Iiornage. Tlie laboriousness of the t;rslc becomes patent to On behalf of the Sweclisl-i Iloyal Academy of all, when it is ltnowri tliat Artetli nT:~s so con- Science, a biograpllical slietcl-i of Artedi, with scientious tlrat he went back even to tlie irncicnt an nppreciatior~ of his service as an inr~stiga- (>rcclc and Latin writers, zrnd entlr;~rol.ed to eluci- tor in biological sciencac, wa5 prepared by Pro- ' Peter Artedi : A Bicenter~irry \It.moir,' by A. fessor Einar Liinnl~rrg, of LJpsala I Jnivrrsity, ,I. E. Li;nnherg. IJpsaln arid Stoclilrol~rr, 190.7, and llai I)cm tranilatecl into Er~glislr by LIT. E. pp, I I,

Journal

Science – Unpaywall

Published: Sep 22, 1905

There are no references for this article.