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Observations of Large-Scale Ocean––Atmosphere Interaction in the Southern Hemisphere

Observations of Large-Scale Ocean––Atmosphere Interaction in the Southern Hemisphere The authors provide a detailed examination of observed ocean––atmosphere interaction in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Focus is placed on the observed relationships between variability in SH extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and the El Niño––Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Results are examined separately for the warm (November––April) and cold (May––October) seasons and for monthly and weekly time scales. It is shown that the signatures of the SAM and ENSO in the SH SST field vary as a function of season, both in terms of their amplitudes and structures. The role of surface turbulent and Ekman heat fluxes in driving seasonal variations in the SAM- and ENSO-related SST anomalies is investigated. Analyses of weekly data reveal that variability in the SAM tends to precede anomalies in the SST field by ∼∼1 week, and that the e -folding time scale of the SAM-related SST field anomalies is at least 4 months. The persistence of the SAM-related SST anomalies is consistent with the passive thermal response of the Southern Ocean to variations in the SAM, and seasonal variations in the persistence of the SAM-related SST anomalies are consistent with the seasonal cycle in the depth of the ocean mixed layer. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Climate American Meteorological Society

Observations of Large-Scale Ocean––Atmosphere Interaction in the Southern Hemisphere

Ciasto, Laura M.; Thompson, David W. J.
Journal of Climate , Volume 21 (6) – Dec 11, 2006
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References (37)

Publisher
American Meteorological Society
Copyright
Copyright © 2006 American Meteorological Society
ISSN
1520-0442
DOI
10.1175/2007JCLI1809.1
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

The authors provide a detailed examination of observed ocean––atmosphere interaction in the Southern Hemisphere (SH). Focus is placed on the observed relationships between variability in SH extratropical sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies, the Southern Annular Mode (SAM), and the El Niño––Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Results are examined separately for the warm (November––April) and cold (May––October) seasons and for monthly and weekly time scales. It is shown that the signatures of the SAM and ENSO in the SH SST field vary as a function of season, both in terms of their amplitudes and structures. The role of surface turbulent and Ekman heat fluxes in driving seasonal variations in the SAM- and ENSO-related SST anomalies is investigated. Analyses of weekly data reveal that variability in the SAM tends to precede anomalies in the SST field by ∼∼1 week, and that the e -folding time scale of the SAM-related SST field anomalies is at least 4 months. The persistence of the SAM-related SST anomalies is consistent with the passive thermal response of the Southern Ocean to variations in the SAM, and seasonal variations in the persistence of the SAM-related SST anomalies are consistent with the seasonal cycle in the depth of the ocean mixed layer.

Journal

Journal of Climate – American Meteorological Society

Published: Dec 11, 2006

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