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HIV-1 infection and AIDS: consequences for the central nervous system

HIV-1 infection and AIDS: consequences for the central nervous system Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) can induce severe and debilitating neurological problems that include behavioral abnormalities, motor dysfunction and frank dementia. After infiltrating peripheral immune competent cells, in particular macrophages, HIV-1 provokes a neuropathological response involving all cell types in the brain. HIV-1 also incites activation of chemokine receptors, inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes and glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity, all of which can trigger numerous downstream signaling pathways and disrupt neuronal and glial function. This review will discuss recently uncovered pathologic neuroimmune and degenerative mechanisms contributing to neuronal damage induced by HIV-1 and potential approaches for development of future therapeutic intervention. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Cell Death & Differentiation Springer Journals

HIV-1 infection and AIDS: consequences for the central nervous system

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References (218)

Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2005 by Nature Publishing Group
Subject
Life Sciences; Life Sciences, general; Biochemistry, general; Cell Biology; Stem Cells; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle Analysis
ISSN
1350-9047
eISSN
1476-5403
DOI
10.1038/sj.cdd.4401623
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) can induce severe and debilitating neurological problems that include behavioral abnormalities, motor dysfunction and frank dementia. After infiltrating peripheral immune competent cells, in particular macrophages, HIV-1 provokes a neuropathological response involving all cell types in the brain. HIV-1 also incites activation of chemokine receptors, inflammatory mediators, extracellular matrix-degrading enzymes and glutamate receptor-mediated excitotoxicity, all of which can trigger numerous downstream signaling pathways and disrupt neuronal and glial function. This review will discuss recently uncovered pathologic neuroimmune and degenerative mechanisms contributing to neuronal damage induced by HIV-1 and potential approaches for development of future therapeutic intervention.

Journal

Cell Death & DifferentiationSpringer Journals

Published: Apr 15, 2005

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