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Timing of bud set in Picea abies is regulated by a memory of temperature during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis

Timing of bud set in Picea abies is regulated by a memory of temperature during zygotic and... • It has been shown previously that height growth and bud phenology are influenced by the temperature during zygotic embryogenesis in Picea abies. • To test whether this phenomenon operates within individual plants, clones produced through somatic embryogenesis were used. Seeds were from a full‐sib family produced in both a cold (outdoor) and a warm (inside a glasshouse) environment. Embryogenic clones derived from mature zygotic embryos from both crossing environments were cultured at 18, 23 and 28°C during the proliferation and embryo maturation steps. • After the second growing season in a glasshouse, plants from the warm seed production environment were taller and had significantly later bud set. For the first time, it is also shown that plants are influenced by the in vitro temperature during somatic embryo development. The warmer the temperature, the later the plants formed terminal buds. The differences were similar to those produced by a provenance separation of 4–6 degrees of latitude. • The results indicate that there exists a mechanism in P. abies that operates during embryo development and adjusts the timing of bud set in accordance with the temperature conditions in which the mother tree lives. This in turn counteracts negative effects of gene flow among populations located along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png New Phytologist Wiley

Timing of bud set in Picea abies is regulated by a memory of temperature during zygotic and somatic embryogenesis

Kvaalen, Harald; Johnsen, Øystein
New Phytologist , Volume 177 (1) – Jan 1, 2008
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References (50)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 2008 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0028-646X
eISSN
1469-8137
DOI
10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02222.x
pmid
17924949
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

• It has been shown previously that height growth and bud phenology are influenced by the temperature during zygotic embryogenesis in Picea abies. • To test whether this phenomenon operates within individual plants, clones produced through somatic embryogenesis were used. Seeds were from a full‐sib family produced in both a cold (outdoor) and a warm (inside a glasshouse) environment. Embryogenic clones derived from mature zygotic embryos from both crossing environments were cultured at 18, 23 and 28°C during the proliferation and embryo maturation steps. • After the second growing season in a glasshouse, plants from the warm seed production environment were taller and had significantly later bud set. For the first time, it is also shown that plants are influenced by the in vitro temperature during somatic embryo development. The warmer the temperature, the later the plants formed terminal buds. The differences were similar to those produced by a provenance separation of 4–6 degrees of latitude. • The results indicate that there exists a mechanism in P. abies that operates during embryo development and adjusts the timing of bud set in accordance with the temperature conditions in which the mother tree lives. This in turn counteracts negative effects of gene flow among populations located along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients.

Journal

New Phytologist – Wiley

Published: Jan 1, 2008

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