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- Publisher
- American Psychological Association
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1989 American Psychological Association
- ISSN
- 0033-295x
- eISSN
- 1939-1471
- DOI
- 10.1037/0033-295X.96.4.703
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
It was argued that thebasic principles of operation of human memory can be understood as an optimization to theinformation-retrieval task that human memory faces. Basically, memory is using the statisticsderived from past experience to predict what memories are currently relevant. It was shown thatthe effects of frequency, recency, and spacing of practice can be predicted from thestatistical properties of information use. The effects of memory prompts, cues, and primes canbe predicted on the assumption that memory is estimating which knowledge will be needed frompast statistics about interitem associations. This analysis was extended to account for faneffects. Memory strategies were analyzed as external to the process of statisticaloptimization. Memory strategies are attempts to manipulate the statistics of informationpresentation to influence the optimal solution derived by memory. The classic buffer-rehearsalmodel for free recall is analyzed as a strategy to manipulate the statistics of informationpresentation.
Journal
Psychological Review – American Psychological Association
Published: Oct 1, 1989