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- Publisher
- American Psychological Association
- Copyright
- Copyright © 1997 American Psychological Association
- ISSN
- 0022-3514
- eISSN
- 1939-1315
- DOI
- 10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.515
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Goals with a promotion focus versus a prevention focus are distinguished. Chronic ideal goals(hopes and aspirations) have a promotion focus, whereas ought goals(duties and responsibilities) have a prevention focus. The hypothesis that emotional responses to goal attainment vary as a function of promotion versus prevention goal strength (conceptualized as goal accessibility) was tested in correlational studies relating chronic goal attainment (self-congruencies or self-discrepancies) to emotional frequency and intensity (Studies 1–3) and in an experimental study relating immediate goal attainment (i.e., success or failure) to emotional intensity (Study 4). All studies found that goal attainment yielded greater cheerfulness–dejection responses when promotion focus was stronger and greater quiescence–agitation responses when prevention focus was stronger.
Journal
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology – American Psychological Association
Published: Mar 1, 1997