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R. Langendorf, And Pick (1955)
Mechanisms of Intermittent Ventricular Bigeminy: II. Parasystole, and Parasystole or Re‐entry with Conduction DisturbanceCirculation, 11
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R. Langendorf, A. Pick, M. Winternitz (1955)
Mechanisms of Intermittent Ventricular Bigeminy: I. Appearance of Ectopic Beats Dependent Upon Length of the Ventricular Cycle, the "Rule of Bigeminy"Circulation, 11
Yong Wang, P. Cuculich, P. Woodard, B. Lindsay, Y. Rudy (2007)
Focal atrial tachycardia after pulmonary vein isolation: noninvasive mapping with electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI).Heart rhythm, 4 8
A. Intini, R. Goldstein, Ping Jia, Charulatha Ramanathan, K. Ryu, B. Giannattasio, R. Gilkeson, B. Stambler, P. Brugada, W. Stevenson, Y. Rudy, A. Waldo (2005)
Electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI), a novel diagnostic modality used for mapping of focal left ventricular tachycardia in a young athlete.Heart rhythm, 2 11
Charulatha Ramanathan, R. Ghanem, Ping Jia, K. Ryu, Y. Rudy (2004)
Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging for cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmiaNature Medicine, 10
Charulatha Ramanathan, Ping Jia, R. Ghanem, K. Ryu, Y. Rudy (2006)
Activation and repolarization of the normal human heart under complete physiological conditions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 103 16
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Electrocardiographic imaging of cardiac resynchronization therapy in heart failure: observation of variable electrophysiologic responses.Heart rhythm, 3 3
Images and Case Reports in Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Electrocardiographic Imaging of Ventricular Bigeminy in a Human Subject Yong Wang, MS; Li Li, MS; Phillip S. Cuculich, MD; Yoram Rudy, PhD entricular bigeminy refers to the appearance of paired the extrasystole. Such fusion beats are shown in the Figure Vdifferent ventricular complexes in the body-surface (B). In the top row, the initiation of paced activation ECG (Figure, A inset, lead V2). From this ECG morphol- precedes that of extrasystolic activation by 15 ms. This ogy, it has been inferred that bigeminy is generated by closely coupled biventricular activation increases electri- interaction between an extrasystolic beat and a regular cal synchronization and reduces the QRS duration to 100 periodic ventricular beat. The regular beat is typically ms. In the bottom row, the sequence is reversed, and the generated by sinus rhythm but could also be a paced extrasystole initiation precedes the paced beat by 10 ms, rhythm. The mechanism of ventricular bigeminy was with fusion beats of similar duration but different mor- inferred mainly on the basis of analysis of body-surface phology. These first ECGI images of bigeminy in a human 1,2 ECG signals. However, the ECG measures the reflection subject
Circulation: Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology – Wolters Kluwer Health
Published: Apr 1, 2008
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