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Dawn Claney, W. Parker (1989)
Assessing White Racial Consciousness and Perceived Comfort with Black Individuals: A Preliminary StudyJournal of Counseling and Development, 67
Carter Carter, White White, Sedlacek Sedlacek (1987)
White student attitudes toward Blacks: Implications for Black student recruitment and retentionJournal of Behavioral and Social Sciences, 33
J. Helms (1984)
Toward a Theoretical Explanation of the Effects of Race on Counseling A Black and White ModelThe Counseling Psychologist, 12
J. Dovidio, N. Evans, Richard Tyler (1986)
Racial stereotypes: The contents of their cognitive representations☆Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22
Carter Carter (1988)
An empirical test of a theory on the influence of racial identity attitudes on the counseling process within a workshop setting (Doctoral dissertation, University of Maryland, 1987.)Dissertation Abstracts International, 49
J. Dovidio, S. Gaertner (1981)
The effects of race, status, and ability on helping behavior.Social Psychology Quarterly, 44
J. Helms, R. Carter (1991)
Relationships of White and Black racial identity attitudes and demographic similarity to counselor preferences.Journal of Counseling Psychology, 38
W. Ickes (1984)
Compositions in Black and White: Determinants of interaction in interracial dyads.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47
Courtney Leatherman (1988)
States' Interest in Tuition Plans Grows; Focus Shifts Toward Savings Programs.The Chronicle of higher education, 35
McConahay McConahay, Hough Hough (1976)
Symbolic racismJournal of Social Issues, 32
C. Jacobson (1985)
Resistance to Affirmative ActionJournal of Conflict Resolution, 29
J. Kluegel, Eliot Smith (1982)
Whites' Beliefs about Blacks' Opportunity.American Sociological Review, 47
Magner Magner (1988)
Blacks and Whites on the campuses: Behind ugly racist incidents, student isolation and insensitivityThe Chronicle of Higher Education, 35
Ronald Kessler, H. Neighbors (1986)
A new perspective on the relationships among race, social class, and psychological distress.Journal of health and social behavior, 27 2
L. Minatoya, W. Sedlacek (1984)
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J. Katz, A. Ivey (1977)
White Awareness: The Frontier of Racism Awareness TrainingThe Personnel and Guidance Journal, 55
Jacobson Jacobson (1985)
Resistance to affirmative action: Self‐interest or racism?Journal of Conflict Resolution, 29
S. Gaertner (1983)
Racial stereotypes: associations and ascription of positive and negative characteristic
This research explored the relationship between White racial identity attitudes and racism. Participants were 100 White students from a large midwestern university who were asked to complete the New Racism Scale and the White Racial Identity Inventory. Multiple regression analyses found that White racial identity attitudes were predictive of racism. The study, however, also found gender differences in White racial identity. Results of the study are discussed in terms of implications for developing racial awareness on college campuses.
Journal of Counseling & Development – Wiley
Published: Sep 10, 1990
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