Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
R. Harrison, C. Brush, P. Davidsson, J. Fiet, P. Greene, M. Lerner, C. Mason, G. Meyer, J. Sohl (2003)
Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research
E. González (1994)
Management Research, an Introduction
D. Thompson (1971)
Contractual marketing systems
Wayne Stewart, Warren Watson, Joann Carland, James Carland (1999)
A proclivity for entrepreneurship: A comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managersJournal of Business Venturing, 14
P. Kaufmann, Sang Kim (1995)
Master Franchising and System Growth RatesJournal of Marketing Channels, 4
R. Emerson (1998)
Franchise Terminations: Legal Rights and Practical Effects When Franchisees Claim the Franchisor DiscriminatesContracts & Commercial Law eJournal
Timothy Bates (1998)
Survival patterns among newcomers to franchisingJournal of Business Venturing, 13
R. Scase (1997)
The Role of Small Businesses in the Economic Transformation of Eastern Europe: Real But Relatively Unimportant?International Small Business Journal, 16
P. Kaufmann, R. Dant (1995)
Franchising: Contemporary Issues and Research
David Baucus, M. Baucus, S. Human (1996)
Consensus in franchise organizations: A cooperative arrangement among entrepreneursJournal of Business Venturing, 11
P. Rosa (1999)
The prevalence of multiple owners and directors in the SME sector: implications for our understanding of start-up and growthEntrepreneurship and Regional Development, 11
David Miller (1983)
The Correlates of Entrepreneurship in Three Types of FirmsManagement Science, 29
G. Pinchot (1985)
Intrapreneuring: Why You Don't Have to Leave the Corporation to Become an Entrepreneur
J. Covin, D. Slevin (1991)
A Conceptual Model of Entrepreneurship as Firm BehaviorEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 16
(1993)
Why Franchising Works: An Analysis of Property Rights and Organizational Form Shares
D. Flarey (1991)
When Giants Learn to DanceJournal of Nursing Administration, 21
Cecilia Falbe, Thomas Dandridge, Ajith Kumar (1999)
The effect of organizational context on entrepreneurial strategies in franchisingJournal of Business Venturing, 14
J. Stanworth, J. Curran (1999)
Colas, burgers, shakes, and shirkers: Towards a sociological model of franchising in the market economyJournal of Business Venturing, 14
(1971)
Conflict and its Resolution in a Franchise System
G. Pinchot, E. Pinchot (1993)
The End of Bureaucracy & the Rise of the Intelligent Organization. First Edition.
P. Westhead, M. Wright (1998)
Novice, portfolio, and serial founders: are they different?Journal of Business Venturing, 13
(1998)
Earnings Claims Disclosure Upheld in Minuteman Press
Phillip Phan, J. Butler, S. Lee (1996)
Crossing mother: Entrepreneur-franchisees' attempts to reduce franchisor influenceJournal of Business Venturing, 11
D. Vaus (1991)
Surveys in Social Research
R. Kanter (1985)
The Change Masters: Corporate Entrepreneurs at Work
S. Shane, F. Hoy (1996)
Franchising: A gateway to cooperative entrepreneurshipJournal of Business Venturing, 11
J. Clarkin (2002)
Entrepreneurial opportunities and performance in franchising firms
Cecilia Falbe, Thomas Dandridge (1992)
Franchising as a Strategic Partnership: Issues of Cosoperation and Conflict in a Global MarketInternational Small Business Journal, 10
David Evans, Linda Leighton (1989)
Some Empirical Aspects of EntrepreneurshipThe American Economic Review, 79
S. Spinelli, Robert Adams (1999)
New Venture Creation: Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century
F. Hoy (1994)
The Dark Side of FranchisingInternational Small Business Journal, 12
Hean Keh, S. Park (1998)
An expanded perspective on power in distribution channels: Strategies and implicationsThe International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 8
(1997)
Franchising Your Way to Riches?: An Analysis of Value Creation in Public Franchisors
Murray Low, I. MacMillan (1988)
Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future ChallengesJournal of Management, 14
(2000)
The Franchisee as Entrepreneur’, paper presented at 10th Annual Global Entrepreneurship Research Conference, The Management School, Imperial College of Science, Technology
(2002)
Predicting the Winners of the Franchise 500
R. Gulati, Harbir Singh (1998)
The Architecture of Cooperation: Managing Coordination Costs and Appropriation Concerns in Strategic AlliancesAdministrative Science Quarterly, 43
R. Price (1999)
Voluntry earnings disclosures in Uniform franchise offering circularsJournal of Accounting and Economics, 28
(1999)
Analysis of Franchising Data: A Comparative Evaluation of Leading Secondary Sources’, paper presented at Thirteenth Annual Society of Franchising
P. Julien (2018)
The State of the Art in Small Business and Entrepreneurship
(2000)
Franchise Finance Corporation of America (FFCA
P. Kaufmann, R. Dant (1999)
Franchising and the domain of entrepreneurship researchJournal of Business Venturing, 14
D. Kuratko, R. Hodgetts (1994)
Entrepreneurship: A Contemporary Approach
(2000)
United States Code
J. Curran, R. Blackburn (1991)
Paths of Enterprise: The Future of Small Business
J. Covin, Morgan Miles (1999)
Corporate Entrepreneurship and the Pursuit of Competitive AdvantageEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23
S. Spinelli, S. Birley (1996)
Toward a theory of conflict in the franchise systemJournal of Business Venturing, 11
O. Jones (2007)
Understanding the small business sectorInternational Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 13
Alan Felstead (1991)
Facing up to the fragility of 'minding your own business' as a franchisee
(1999)
Earnings Claims: Where We’ve Been; Where We’re Going
Augustine Lado, Nancy Boyd, Susannah Hanlon (1997)
COMPETITION, COOPERATION, AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC RENTS: A SYNCRETIC MODELAcademy of Management Review, 22
A. Kalnins, Francine Lafontaine (1996)
The Characteristics of Multi-Unit Ownership in Franchising: Evidence from Fast-Food Restaurants in TexasNBER Working Paper Series
Andrea Larson (1992)
Network Dyads in Entrepreneurial Settings: A Study of the Governance of Exchange RelationshipsAdministrative Science Quarterly, 37
(1992)
Partnership Franchising: Maximizing the Entrepreneurial and Financial Leverage in Franchising
Vance Fried, B. Elango (1997)
Franchising Research: A Literature Review and SynthesisJournal of Small Business Management, 35
S. Shane (1996)
Hybrid Organizational Arrangements and Their Implications for Firm Growth and Survival: A Study of New FranchisorsAcademy of Management Journal, 39
Gareth Jones, J. George (1998)
The experience and evolution of trust: Implications for cooperation and teamworkAcademy of Management Review, 23
P. Rosa, D. Hamilton (1994)
Gender and Ownership in UK Small FirmsEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18
(1998)
Superior System Governance: A New Approach to Structuring Successful Franchise Organizations’, West Legal Directory Lawoffice.com (8 October)
ROSA holds the George David Chair of Entrepreneurship and Family Business at the University of Edinburgh
(1997)
The Franchise Paradox. London: Cassell
J. Alexander, G. Morgan (1988)
Images of OrganizationAmerican Journal of Nursing, 88
In the research on franchising firms, several assumptions are generally made. One such assumption is that the role of the entrepreneur is predominantly associated with franchisors, and that franchisees operate under a uniformly regimented system of contractual obligations. Given the restrictions and rules, franchisees have few opportunities for entrepreneurial creativity, serving as owner-managers of a single outlet in a prescribed role of managerial convenience. This study reveals a much more complex and dynamic pattern of relationships between the franchisors and franchisees. Evidence of entrepreneurial teamwork is found, where creativity and adaptation is not always confined to franchisors, and several forms of nested teams within franchising firms are examined. Using both quantitative analysis of secondary data from 1201 North American franchises and in-depth interviews, evidence of entrepreneurial teamwork within the context of franchising firms is presented. The study reveals that restrictive franchise agreements were not always rigorously enforced unless problems occurred, allowing room for entrepreneurial activity by franchisees.
International Small Business Journal – SAGE
Published: Jun 1, 2005
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.