Diabetes Obesity & Metabolism

Shepherd, James

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00193.xpmid: 12406030

Montague, Carl T.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00200.xpmid: 12406031

Hobbs, F. D. Richard

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00209.xpmid: 12406032

Blonde, L; Rosenstock, J; Mooradian, A. D.; Piper, B‐A.; Henry, D.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00229.xpmid: 12406033

Aim: To compare the efficacy, safety and tolerability of a fixed combination glyburide/metformin preparation with those of glyburide or metformin alone in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled by sulphonylurea, diet and exercise.

Ahluwalia, M.; Evans, M.; Morris, K.; Currie, C.; Davies, S.; Rees, A.; Thomas, A.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00230.xpmid: 12406034

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor‐gamma is an important factor in adipocyte differentiation and energy metabolism and is thus a candidate gene for obesity, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia. We therefore assessed the associations between the most common variant of the PPAR‐γ, the Pro12Ala (P12A) substitution in the PPAR‐γ2 gene, with BMI, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol and plasma triglyceride in 183 treatment‐naïve patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). The P12A allele associated with lower fasting plasma glucose but had no influence on HbA1c or BMI. In obese patients (BMI > 29 kg/m2), the P12A substitution associated with elevated total and non‐HDL cholesterol levels.

Krebs, J. D.; Evans, S.; Cooney, L.; Mishra, G. D.; Fruhbeck, G.; Finer, N.; Jebb, S. A.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00231.xpmid: 12406035

Background: Current guidelines for obesity management emphasize the improvements in health risks associated with weight losses of 5–10% initial weight. However, most of the data is derived from periods of acute weight loss and may not represent the true effect in the longer term or in obese but otherwise healthy individuals. This study examines the temporal changes in risk factors for cardiovascular disease with weight change over 52 weeks.

Ohnishi, H.; Saitoh, S.; Ura, N.; Takagi, S.; Obara, F.; Akasaka, H.; Oimatsu, H.; Shimamoto, K.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00232.xpmid: 12406036

We examined correlations between the frequency of insulin resistance and the accumulation of coronary risk factors in residents of rural comities in Japanese, using simple criteria for determination of insulin resistance based on evaluation by the euglycaemic‐hyperinsulinaemic glucose clamp (GC) method. The subjects were 376 men and 589 women living in two rural communities in Japan. We measured body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), HDL cholesterol (HDL), and homeostasis model assessment (HOMA‐R). Correlations between HOMA‐R and those parameters were examined. To assess the existence of insulin resistance in these subjects, we used a practical index based on the GC method. The subjects with value of HOMA‐R ≥ 1.73 have insulin resistance. In addition, the HOMA‐R was divided into five quantiles based on the frequency distribution (0.60 or below, from 0.61 to 0.82, from 0.83 to 1.18, from 1.19 to 1.69, and 1.70 or higher), to examine the concentration of risk factors in each group. In total, 74 (19.6%) of the men and 119 (20.3%) of the women had insulin resistance (HOMA‐R ≥ 1.73). It was found that the higher the HOMA‐R, the higher was the number of coronary risk factors, such as hypertension, obesity, hypertriglyceridaemia and hypo HDL cholesterolaemia. The number of coronary risk factors was particular high in subjects with HOMA‐R ≥ 1.70. HOMA‐R in the case of no glucose loading is a useful and practical index for evaluation of insulin resistance and coronary risk factors in the epidemiological study.

Saravanan, G.; Pari, L.; Venkateswaran, S.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00233.xpmid: 12406037

Aims: The present study was designed to investigate the effect of cogent db, a polyherbal drug on blood glucose, plasma insulin and the activities of hepatic glucose metabolic enzymes in alloxan‐induced diabetic rats.

Asakawa, A.; Inui, A.; Inui, T; Katsuura, G.; Fujino, M. A.; Kasuga, M

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00234.xpmid: 12406038

Aim: This study was designed to investigate the effect of orexin on anorexia induced by cholecystokinin (CCK),a peripheral satiety signal.

Case, C. C.; Maldonado, M.

doi: 10.1046/j.1463-1326.2002.00235.xpmid: 12406039

Aim: To describe two cases of diabetic ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1‐ and type‐2‐diabetic individuals associated with Metabolife‐356®.