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doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1988.tb00798.xpmid: N/A
This article analyses overcapacity in the world copper industry during the 1980s and reviews projections of mine capacity to 1990 and 1996 by the research staffs of the World Bank, the International Wrought Copper Council, and the Intergovernmental Council of Copper Exporting Countries. The process of restoring demand‐supply balance in the copper industry is analysed under alternative assumptions for rates of growth in world consumption and certain conclusions are reached on the implications for copper prices during the 1990s.
ANSTETT, T. F.; HEDRICK, J. B.; JACKSON, W. D.
doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1988.tb00799.xpmid: N/A
This paper presents a review by the Bureau of Mines on the 1985 status of the rare earths industry in the Market Economy Countries (MEC). Demonstrated resources for the 38 evaluated MEC properties are estimated at 3.3 million metric tons of recoverable rare‐earth oxides. About 75% of the total is contained in producing properties, and 21% are contained in undeveloped properties; the remaining 4% are contained in past producers. Total MEC production in 1985 was estimated at 30 500 mt. Assuming demand does not increase sharply, producing properties can continue to meet overall rare earths demand through at least the end of this century.
doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1988.tb00800.xpmid: N/A
The problems and prospects of solar and wind energy technologies for rural energy supply in developing countries are examined, followed by an overview of key attributes of these technologies. The application of wind and solar systems for cooking, water pumping, drying, water heating, and electric power supply are reviewed. Two detailed case studies are given, the first discussing the potential of solar and wind systems for rural water pumping in Morocco, and the second, examining the “wind farms” producing electric power in California and the potential for their use in developing countries.
doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.1988.tb00801.xpmid: N/A
The world has enough water to meet the basic human needs for potable water, so the problem of lack of access to safe drinking water is not technical but institutional. The various institutional shortcomings that limit the ability of the developing countries of Asia to supplying potable water and adequate sanitation are reviewed, and some recommendations for alleviating the institutional difficulties are explored.
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