JAMA

Ewens, Frederic

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040001001pmid: 13191972

Abstract There has probably been no time in the history of American medicine when one component part of medicine has been more viciously bombarded than has the general practitioner in the past few years—and biblically reminiscent—by his own brother. From a philosophical point of view, it has always been a challenge to outclass a good man in any field of endeavor, and medicine is no exception. In viewing the entire panorama of the past five years, I am inclined to believe that few of the injustices performed are the desire of any one specialist or even a majority of the specialists in any one organization. The officials of the American Medical Association have not sanctioned the criticisms heaped upon the medical profession in general and the general practitioner in particular, but I am inclined to question the attitude of those who control or those who speak in behalf of the specialty

Holleb, Arthur I.;Buch, Frances B.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040004002pmid: 13191973

Abstract Between Oct. 21, 1953, and June 2, 1954, the American Cancer Society, in conjunction with the Columbia Broadcasting System, presented "Telecolor Clinics," a series of 30 one hour, closed circuit, network color television programs for physicians. The first 15 programs emanated from a studio in the Francis Delafield Hospital of the Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, and the remaining 15 from a studio in the Memorial Center for Cancer and Allied Diseases, New York. The programs were televised simultaneously to a network of specific receiving sites in New York; Philadelphia; Pittsburgh; Boston; Toledo, Ohio; Detroit; and Dearborn, Mich. A projector television receiver with a screen measuring 4 1/2 by 6 ft. was installed in an auditorium at each receiving point (fig. 1). These screens can accommodate an audience of about 400 persons. Each program concerned some phase of cancer, with emphasis placed on the importance of early diagnosis and prompt

Ross, Donald W.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040009003pmid: 13191974

Abstract The occurrence of acute suppurative arthritis of the hip in newborn infants is a pediatric emergency that is seen infrequently but presents a very serious and urgent problem when it occurs. Too often an early diagnosis is not made, and irreparable damage to the hip joint has taken place before the seriousness of the illness is fully understood. In the past two decades the advent of antibiotics has considerably reduced the incidence of septic lesions of the joints and osteomyelitis in children; however, as Blanche1 recently showed, the frequency of osteomyelitis in infants under 1 year of age has not been reduced, despite the most modern and up-to-date facilities, drugs, and care. A critical analysis of the failure of modern medicine to show favorable advances in the incidence of pyogenic arthritis and osteomyelitis in infants should be made. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the extreme necessity References 1. Blanche, D. W.: Osteomyelitis in Infants , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 34-A: 71-85 ( (Jan.) ) 1952. 2. Badgley, C. E.; Yglesias, L.; Perham, W. S., and Snyder, C. H.: Study of the End Results in 113 Cases of Septic Hips , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 18:1047-1061 ( (Oct.) ) 1936. 3. Harmon, P. H.: Surgical Treatment of the Residual Deformity from Suppurative Arthritis of the Hip Occurring in Young Children , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 24:576-585 ( (July) ) 1942. 4. Nicholson, J. T.: Pyogenic Arthritis with Pathologic Dislocation of the Hip in Infants , J. A. M. A. 141:826-831 ( (Nov. 19) ) 1949.

Barber, Hugh;Lamberta, Frank

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040013004pmid: 13191975

Abstract The bulla as a common cause for pneumothorax has attracted increasing attention. Its growth to a giant air cyst with crippling pressure effects and respiratory invalidism is less well known. A return of useful respiratory capacity in the afflicted patient has been indicated already in various reports by removal of the air cysts1; however, many physicians emphasize an underlying pulmonary emphysema as insurmountable in treatment and allow the disease process to run its inexorable course. The potential for rehabilitation in many cases of advanced giant air cystic disease merits more notice, while the importance of associated emphysema should receive further investigation. This paper is prompted by a personal experience, between 1951 and 1953, with 11 respiratory invalids who had giant air cystic disease and whose lungs were restored to useful function by the use of a limited excision. Air cysts of the lungs are classified with respect to the References 1. Warring, F. C., Jr., and Lindskog, G. E.: Surgical Management of Giant Air Cysts of Lungs: Physiologic Improvement After Resection , Am. Rev. Tuberc. 63:579-586, 1951. 2. Dugan, D. J., and Samson, P. C.: The Surgical Treatment of Giant Emphysematous Blebs and Pulmonary Tension Cysts , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:729-748, 1950. 3. Allbritten, F. F., Jr., and Templeton, J. Y., III: Treatment of Giant Cysts of Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 20:749-760, 1950. 4. Moersch, H. J., and Clagett, O. T.: Pulmonary Cysts , J. Thoracic Surg. 16:179-194, 1947. 5. Cooke, F. N., and Blades, B.: Cystic Disease of the Lungs , J. Thoracic Surg. 23:546-569, 1952. 6. Spain, D. M., and Kaufman, G.: The Basic Lesion in Chronic Pulmonary Emphysema , Am. Rev. Tuberc. 68:24-30, 1953. 7. Miller, W. S.: The Lung , Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, Publisher, 1937. 8. Churchill, E. D.: The Segmental and Lobular Physiology and Pathology of the Lung , J. Thoracic Surg. 18: 279-293, 1949.

Rowntree, Leonard G.;Poppiti, Robert J.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040016005pmid: 13191976

Abstract The coexistence of diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus is rare. In 1931, Dr. Frank Allen and one of us (L. G. R.) presented 2 typical cases and made reference to 10 other cases reported in the literature. In the intervening years 18 additional cases have been described, and, with the case here presented, the total number is now more than 30. The history of the two diseases will not be repeated here; emphasis will rather be laid on the modern concepts of the two diseases, especially as to pathogenesis. An attempt will be made to interpret the nature and course of the illness in terms of pathology, histology, and endocrinology and in the light of advancing science. In his "Novum Organum" Francis Bacon stated that all truth must be reinterpreted from time to time in the light of newer knowledge. Thus, in 1897 the great German pathologist Senator discussed the References 1. Lichtenstein, L.: Histiocytosis X: Integration of Eosinophilic Granulation of Bone, "Letterer-Siwe Disease," and "Schüller-Christian Disease" as Related Manifestations of a Single Nosologic Entity , A. M. A. Arch. Path. 56: 85( (July) ) 1953. 2. Personal communication to the authors.

Mahaffey, Howard W.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040018005apmid: 13191977

Abstract The intra-articular use of hydrocortisone for the relief of arthritic pain has been well established. Hollander ' has reported the injection of 7,352 joints with adverse reactions in 2.3%, of which in 1.9% the adverse reaction was local exacerbation of pain. Intra-articular hydrocortisone is useful in relieving the pain of arthritis, either rheumatoid or osteoarthritic, and the reaction of joints following trauma, surgery, and gout. The knee joint is commonly the site of involvement of arthritic changes and, at this clinic, has been injected more often than any other joint. The method of injection that has been used for the past 18 months has greatly simplified this therapy and has eliminated much of the discomfort associated with inserting a needle into the knee joint. The patient is placed in a sitting position with the knees flexed to an angle of 90 degrees. The patella and infrapatellar ligament are identified (fig. References 1. Hollander, J. L.: Intra-Articular Hydrocortisone in Arthritis and Allied Conditions, A Summary of Two Years' Clinical Experience , J. Bone & Joint Surg. 35A: 983-990 ( (Oct.) ) 1953.

Lewin, Philip

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040020005bpmid: 13191978

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables. Abstract A knee cage brace (see figure) is helpful in a variety of knee disorders such as sprains, strains, arthritis, and synovitis. The construction of the brace requires that measurements be taken above, below, and over the patella. A long, elastic knee support is woven according to these measurements so that the fit is snug but not constrictive. Lining the popliteal area of the support with chamois reduces irritation. The support should include pocket slips on each side, which receive rivet-jointed metal bars, and loops for positioning the straps below the knee. The brace is held from slipping without pressing on the patella by these straps and the crossed straps above the knee, one of which is threaded through a slit in the other. The upper straps pass across the front of the leg and are secured at the sides with adjustable fasteners to the upper segments of the metal bars.

Pastor, Bernard H.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040020005cpmid: 13191979

Abstract One of the common artefacts that make electrocardiographic interpretation difficult is due to tremor of the somatic muscles. This produces an irregular vibration of the baseline that may partially or completely obscure the smaller waves of the tracing. Clinical electrocardiography is feasible only because no large muscle masses, except the heart muscle, are in motion in the normal subject at rest. Tremor is a troublesome factor in many nervous patients but is intensified in thyrotoxicosis and is particularly intense in patients with a neurological disturbance such as paralysis agitans (parkinsonism). It has previously been recognized that the influence of tremor can be minimized in routine tracings by the application of the standard limb electrodes to the forearm and inner aspect of the lower leg rather than to the wrist and the ankle. This reduces but does not eliminate the effect of tremor in most cases. A simple technique for the References 1. Welsh, W.: Self-Retaining Electrocardiographic Electrode , J. A. M. A. 147: 1042-1044 ( (Nov. 10) ) 1951.Crossref

Leveroos, Edward H.;Springall, Arthur N.;Heinze, Carl T.

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040021006pmid: 13191980

Abstract Annual Report The text material and tables included in this, the Council's 28th Annual Report, relate to internships and residencies currently conducted in Council-approved hospitals in the United States and its possessions. Seven tables are presented that give statistical information on internships: a 10 year summary of approved hospitals, analyses of the number of internships by type of service, by type of hospital control, by bed capacity and medical school affiliation, by census regions, a table on intern stipends, and a list of hospitals with highest autopsy rates. The second section of the report presents data on residencies, including tables on the number of residencies by type of hospital control, by bed capacity, and by medical specialties.The material presented in the report is based on information furnished by approved hospitals with data on the number of interns and residents serving and the number of vacancies, reflecting the situation as References 1. The Journal , (Oct. 2) , 1954. 2. For further information on the plan, address request to the Director, National Intern Matching Program, 185 N. Wabash Ave., Chicago. 3. Report of Reference Committee on Medical Education and Hospitals, Proceedings of the San Francisco Meeting , J. A. M. A. 155: 1076-1077 ( (July 17) ) 1954. 4. Residency Training in Pediatrics, report of Council on Medical Education and Hospitals , J. A. M. A. 154: 1303 ( (April 10) ) 1954. 5. Diehl, H. S.; Crosby, E. L., and Kaetzel, P. K.: Alien Physicians Training in Hospitals in the United States , J. A. M. A. 156: 1-2 ( (Sept. 4) ) 1954.Crossref

doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.02950040029007pmid: N/A

This article is only available in the PDF format. Download the PDF to view the article, as well as its associated figures and tables.