What is changed in HBV molecular epidemiology in Italy?

What is changed in HBV molecular epidemiology in Italy? INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem causing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).To date, 10 HBV genotypes have been identified, from A to J, based on a genetic diversity of at least 8% in the viral genome. These genotypes have a distinct geographic distribution worldwide (http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/HepatitisB_whocdscsrlyo2002_2.pdf). HBV‐genotype A predominates in Northern Europe and North America, genotypes B and C in central Asia, genotype D in Mediterranean countries, genotype E in sub‐Saharan Africa and in Madagascar, genotype F in South and Central America, genotypes G and H in Mexico and some other countries in Central America and genotypes I and J in Eastern Asia. In particular, genotypes B and C prevails in highly endemic countries where perinatal HBV transmission plays an important role, whereas genotype A is frequent in areas with primarily horizontal transmission (ie, sexual contact). All genotypes are present in countries of immigration with frequencies depending on the ethnicity.A brief summary on the usefulness of serum makers during HBV infectionPresence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum indicates an ongoing HBV infection, acute, or chronic. The serum titre of anti‐HBc IgM (antibody to Hepatitis B core antigen‐HBcAg) may help to http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Medical Virology Wiley

What is changed in HBV molecular epidemiology in Italy?

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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
ISSN
0146-6615
eISSN
1096-9071
D.O.I.
10.1002/jmv.25027
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Abstract

INTRODUCTIONHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a global public health problem causing chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).To date, 10 HBV genotypes have been identified, from A to J, based on a genetic diversity of at least 8% in the viral genome. These genotypes have a distinct geographic distribution worldwide (http://www.who.int/csr/disease/hepatitis/HepatitisB_whocdscsrlyo2002_2.pdf). HBV‐genotype A predominates in Northern Europe and North America, genotypes B and C in central Asia, genotype D in Mediterranean countries, genotype E in sub‐Saharan Africa and in Madagascar, genotype F in South and Central America, genotypes G and H in Mexico and some other countries in Central America and genotypes I and J in Eastern Asia. In particular, genotypes B and C prevails in highly endemic countries where perinatal HBV transmission plays an important role, whereas genotype A is frequent in areas with primarily horizontal transmission (ie, sexual contact). All genotypes are present in countries of immigration with frequencies depending on the ethnicity.A brief summary on the usefulness of serum makers during HBV infectionPresence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in serum indicates an ongoing HBV infection, acute, or chronic. The serum titre of anti‐HBc IgM (antibody to Hepatitis B core antigen‐HBcAg) may help to

Journal

Journal of Medical Virology – Wiley

Published: Jan 1, 2018

Keywords: ; ;

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