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The maintenance of intraspecific biodiversity: the interplay of selection on resource use and on natural enemy resistance in the pea aphid

The maintenance of intraspecific biodiversity: the interplay of selection on resource use and on... Biodiversity has both intraspecific and interspecific components, and speciation is the process through which the former is converted to the latter. Ecological factors can cause population divergence and differentiation. In this paper, we investigate the interplay between top‐down effects from natural enemies and bottom‐up effects from host plants in an aphid model system. Pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, are known to form host‐adapted races on Trifolium and Medicago. Here, replicate clones of pea aphids collected from a broader set of five host plant genera are screened for their performance on the same set of host plants and also for their resistance to four natural enemies: the parasitoids Aphidius eadyi and Aphidius ervi, and the entomopathogenic fungi Pandora (=Erynia) neoaphidis and Zoophthora phalloides. The populations showed clear adaptation to their host plant from which they were collected, but they also performed well on Vicia. Performance on the other three plant species was poor. The aphid population collected from Lotus was significantly better at defending itself against the parasitoid A. eadyi, and there was a tendency for the clones from Trifolium to be resistant to the pathogen P. neoaphidis. These patterns highlight the importance of understanding the ecological processes influencing speciation in the context of the web of ecological adaptations within which a species is embedded. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Ecological Research Wiley

The maintenance of intraspecific biodiversity: the interplay of selection on resource use and on natural enemy resistance in the pea aphid

Ferrari, Julia; Godfray, H. Charles J.
Ecological Research , Volume 21 (1) – Jan 1, 2006
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References (44)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
© The Ecological Society of Japan
ISSN
0912-3814
eISSN
1440-1703
DOI
10.1007/s11284-005-0136-8
Publisher site
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Abstract

Biodiversity has both intraspecific and interspecific components, and speciation is the process through which the former is converted to the latter. Ecological factors can cause population divergence and differentiation. In this paper, we investigate the interplay between top‐down effects from natural enemies and bottom‐up effects from host plants in an aphid model system. Pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, are known to form host‐adapted races on Trifolium and Medicago. Here, replicate clones of pea aphids collected from a broader set of five host plant genera are screened for their performance on the same set of host plants and also for their resistance to four natural enemies: the parasitoids Aphidius eadyi and Aphidius ervi, and the entomopathogenic fungi Pandora (=Erynia) neoaphidis and Zoophthora phalloides. The populations showed clear adaptation to their host plant from which they were collected, but they also performed well on Vicia. Performance on the other three plant species was poor. The aphid population collected from Lotus was significantly better at defending itself against the parasitoid A. eadyi, and there was a tendency for the clones from Trifolium to be resistant to the pathogen P. neoaphidis. These patterns highlight the importance of understanding the ecological processes influencing speciation in the context of the web of ecological adaptations within which a species is embedded.

Journal

Ecological Research – Wiley

Published: Jan 1, 2006

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