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t ~ h VOLUME 2. NUMBER 2 of ultrasound for breaking up renal stones, we are talking of power levels of 1.5 t o 2 W/cm2. Power levels in this range are also used for treatment of Meniereâs disease. There are several additional points t o be made in relation to potential toxicity of ultrasound which are not considered in the above-mentioned articles. The most important is the actual time the patient is exposed t o ultrasonic energy for any of the various medical applications of ultrasound. There is also a problem in ultrasound which is distinctly different from safety factors in radiology, where total dose is the prime consideration. There are two types of ultrasonic energy used in medicine, pulsed and continuous ultrasound. In the use of pulsed ultrasound, the figures presented above represent the average power per unit of time. However, during the time of peak pulse power we are talking of power intensities at the crystal face ranging from 4 t o 7 W/cm2, although the exposure t o the higher energy for each pulse may be less than 1%of the total examination time. Thus investigation of toxicity of ultrasound must include studies of both
Journal of Clinical Ultrasound – Wiley
Published: Jun 1, 1974
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