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Human skin permeation of Δ 8 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol

Human skin permeation of Δ 8 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to quantify the in‐vitro human skin transdermal flux of Δ8‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8‐THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN). These cannabinoids are of interest because they are likely candidates for transdermal combination therapy. Differential thermal analysis and in‐vitro diffusion studies with human tissue were completed for the compounds. Heats of fusion, melting points and relative thermodynamic activities were determined for the crystalline compounds, CBD and CBN. Flux, permeability, tissue concentration and lag times were measured in the diffusion experiments. CBN had a lower heat of fusion and corresponding higher calculated relative thermodynamic activity than CBD. Ethanol concentrations of 30 to 33% significantly increased the transdermal flux of Δ8‐THC and CBD. Tissue concentrations of Δ8‐THC were significantly higher than for CBN. Lag times for CBD were significantly smaller than for CBN. The permeabilities of CBD and CBN were 10‐fold higher than for Δ8‐THC. Combinations of these cannabinoids with ethanol will be further studied in transdermal patch formulations in vitro and in vivo, as significant flux levels of all the drugs were obtained. CBD, the most polar of the three drugs, and other more polar cannabinoids will also be the focus of future drug design studies for improved transdermal delivery rates. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology: An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Wiley

Human skin permeation of Δ 8 ‐tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol and cannabinol

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Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
2004 Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain
ISSN
0022-3573
eISSN
2042-7158
DOI
10.1211/0022357022791
pmid
15025853
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to quantify the in‐vitro human skin transdermal flux of Δ8‐tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ8‐THC), cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabinol (CBN). These cannabinoids are of interest because they are likely candidates for transdermal combination therapy. Differential thermal analysis and in‐vitro diffusion studies with human tissue were completed for the compounds. Heats of fusion, melting points and relative thermodynamic activities were determined for the crystalline compounds, CBD and CBN. Flux, permeability, tissue concentration and lag times were measured in the diffusion experiments. CBN had a lower heat of fusion and corresponding higher calculated relative thermodynamic activity than CBD. Ethanol concentrations of 30 to 33% significantly increased the transdermal flux of Δ8‐THC and CBD. Tissue concentrations of Δ8‐THC were significantly higher than for CBN. Lag times for CBD were significantly smaller than for CBN. The permeabilities of CBD and CBN were 10‐fold higher than for Δ8‐THC. Combinations of these cannabinoids with ethanol will be further studied in transdermal patch formulations in vitro and in vivo, as significant flux levels of all the drugs were obtained. CBD, the most polar of the three drugs, and other more polar cannabinoids will also be the focus of future drug design studies for improved transdermal delivery rates.

Journal

Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology: An International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science – Wiley

Published: Mar 1, 2004

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