Gamma Ray Attenuation Studies of Interception From Sitka Spruce: Some Evidence for an Additional Transport Mechanism

Gamma Ray Attenuation Studies of Interception From Sitka Spruce: Some Evidence for an Additional... Various forest canopy characteristics of stands of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), including canopy density, the aerodynamic resistance to the transfer of water vapor, and the rates of change of drainage and evaporation of water with respect to canopy storage, were investigated using direct measurements of canopy mass and water storage. The measurements, made at sites located in Wales and Scotland, utilized the attenuation of a horizontal beam of gamma rays which was arranged to scan through the canopy at different levels. The aerodynamic resistance to the transport of water vapor from the canopy to a reference level 5 m above mean tree height was found to be consistent with the value of 3.5 s m−1, determined from earlier modeling studies (I. R. Calder, 1977). This value is, however, lower and shows less wind speed dependence than would be expected from conventional formulae which are based on eddy diffusion theory and tree height. The possibility of explaining these discrepancies in terms of an additional transport mechanism involving large‐scale eddies is discussed. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Water Resources Research Wiley

Gamma Ray Attenuation Studies of Interception From Sitka Spruce: Some Evidence for an Additional Transport Mechanism

Calder, I. R.; Wright, I. R.
Water Resources Research, Volume 22 (3) – Mar 1, 1986
9 pages
Read Article

Loading next page...
 
/lp/wiley/gamma-ray-attenuation-studies-of-interception-from-sitka-spruce-some-pwUG1mklmr
Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1986 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0043-1397
eISSN
1944-7973
DOI
10.1029/WR022i003p00409
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Various forest canopy characteristics of stands of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.), including canopy density, the aerodynamic resistance to the transfer of water vapor, and the rates of change of drainage and evaporation of water with respect to canopy storage, were investigated using direct measurements of canopy mass and water storage. The measurements, made at sites located in Wales and Scotland, utilized the attenuation of a horizontal beam of gamma rays which was arranged to scan through the canopy at different levels. The aerodynamic resistance to the transport of water vapor from the canopy to a reference level 5 m above mean tree height was found to be consistent with the value of 3.5 s m−1, determined from earlier modeling studies (I. R. Calder, 1977). This value is, however, lower and shows less wind speed dependence than would be expected from conventional formulae which are based on eddy diffusion theory and tree height. The possibility of explaining these discrepancies in terms of an additional transport mechanism involving large‐scale eddies is discussed.

Journal

Water Resources Research – Wiley

Published: Mar 1, 1986

References

  • Trees and Water, Aboricult. Leaflet
    Binns, W. O.
  • The measurement of water losses from a forested area using a “natural” lysimeter
    Calder, I. R.
  • A model of transpiration and interception from a spruce forest in Plynlimon, central Wales
    Calder, I. R.
  • Do trees use more water than grass?
    Calder, I. R.
  • Land use and upland resources in Britain — A strategic look
    Calder, I. R.; Newson, M. D.
  • Land Assessment in Scotland
    Calder, I. R.; Newson, M. D.
  • The design of large plastic‐sheet net‐rainfall gauges
    Calder, I. R.; Rosier, P. T. W.
  • The use of a wet‐surface weighing lysimeter system in rainfall interception studies of heather (Calluna Vulgaris)
    Calder, I. R.; Hall, R. J.; Harding, R. J.; Wright, I. R.
    Bookmark
  • Radioisotope Instruments in Industry and Geophysics
    Clayton, C. G.; Cameron, J. F.
  • Forest Environmental Measurement Conference Proceedings
    Crowther, J. M.; Hutchings, N. J.
  • Plant physiological methods for studying evapotranspiration: problems of telling the forest from the trees
    Denmead, O. T.
  • Wind tunnel studies of the forces acting on the crowns of small trees, Rep. For. Res.
    Fraser, A. I.
  • An analytical model of rainfall interception by forests
    Gash, J. H. C.
  • Comparative estimates of interception loss from three coniferous forests in Great Britain
    Gash, J. H. C.; Wright, I. R.; Lloyd, C. R.
  • The scaling of flow in vegatative structures
    Grant, R. H.
    Bookmark
  • The mutual interference of spruce canopy structural elements
    Grant, R. H.
  • Further interception studies of heather using a wet‐surface weighing lysimeter system
    Hall, R. L.
  • Computer Applications in Agricultural Environments
    Hall, R. L.
  • Comparison of Forest Water and Energy Exchange Models
    Halldin, S.; Grip, H.; Perttu, K.
  • A technique for the direct measurement of water storage on a forest canopy
    Hancock, N. H.; Crowther, J. M.
  • Evaporation from a partially wet forest canopy
    Hancock, N. H.; Sellers, P. J.; Crowther, J. M.
  • The effect of afforestation upon the yield of water catchment areas
    Law, F.
  • International Symposim on Forest Hydrology
    Leyton, L.; Reynolds, E. R. C.; Thompson, F. B.
  • Water storage on forest foliage: A general model
    Massman, W. J.
  • The derivation and validation of a new model for the interception of rainfall by forests
    Massman, W. J.
  • Transpiration and evaporation from heather moorland
    Miranda, A. C.; Jarvis, P. G.; Grace, J.
  • Evaporation and environment
    Monteith, J. L.
    Bookmark
  • Resistance of a partially wet canopy: Whose equation fails?
    Monteith, J. L.
    Bookmark
  • Radiative temperature in the heat balance of natural surfaces
    Monteith, J. L.; Szeicz, G.
  • Structure and Function of Northern Coniferous Forests — An Ecosystem Study, Field Studies
    Perttu, K.; Bischof, K.; Grip, H.; Jansson, P. E.; Lindgren, A.; Lindroth, A.; Noren, B.
  • The uses and limitations of flux‐gradient relationships in micrometeorology
    Raupach, M. R.; Legg, B. J.
  • The use of tree cutting techniques in the study of the water relations of mature Pinus sylvestris L, 1, The technique and survey of the results
    Roberts, J. M.
  • Studies on the water relations of Pinus sylvestris in plantation conditions, 4, Direct observations on the rates of transpiration, evaporation of intercepted water, and evaporation from the soil surface
    Rutter, A. J.
  • A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests, 1, Derivation of the model from observations in a plantation of Corsican pine
    Rutter, A. J.; Kershaw, K. A.; Robins, P. C.; Morton, A. J.
  • A predictive model of rainfall interception in forests, 2, Generalization of the model and comparison with observations in some coniferous and hardwood stands
    Rutter, A. J.; Morton, A. J.; Robins, P. C.
  • A computer simulation of the effects of differing crop types on the water balance of small catchments over long periods
    Sellers, P. J.; Lockwood, J. G.
  • Experimental evidence for the failure of the Penman‐Monteith equation in partially wet conditions
    Shuttleworth, W. J.
  • Comments on “Resistance of a partially wet canopy: Whose equation fails?”
    Shuttleworth, W. J.
  • The effect of intercepted rainfall on the water balance of hardwood forest
    Singh, E.; Szeicz, G.
  • Evaporation from the wet canopy of a pine forest
    Stewart, J. B.
  • Energy budgets in pine forest
    Stewart, J. B.; Thom, A. S.
  • Automatic weather stations for network operation
    Strangeways, I. C.
  • Momentum, mass and heat exchange of vegetation
    Thom, A. S.
  • A comparison of methods for estimating aerodynamic resistance of heather (Calluna vulgaris (L) Hull) in the field
    Wallace, J. S.; Lloyd, C. R.; Roberts, J.; Shuttleworth, W. J.

You’re reading a free preview. Subscribe to read the entire article.

Try 2 weeks free now

DeepDyve is your
personal research library

It’s your single place to instantly
discover and read the research
that matters to you.

Enjoy affordable access to
over 18 million articles from more than
15,000 peer-reviewed journals.

All for just $49/month

Explore the DeepDyve Library

or browse the journals available

Search

Query the DeepDyve database, plus search all of PubMed and Google Scholar seamlessly

Organize

Save any article or search result from DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar... all in one place.

Access

Get unlimited, online access to over 18 million full-text articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals.

Your journals are on DeepDyve

Read from thousands of the leading scholarly journals from SpringerNature, Elsevier, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press and more.

All the latest content is available, no embargo periods.

See the journals in your area

DeepDyve

Freelancer

DeepDyve

Pro

Price

FREE

$49/month
$360/year

Save searches from
Google Scholar,
PubMed

Create folders to
organize your research

Export folders, citations

Read DeepDyve articles

Abstract access only

Unlimited access to over
18 million full-text articles

Print

20 pages / month

PDF Discount

20% off

Sign up
for free
Start 14 day
Free Trial