Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
C. Ackah, N. Heaton (2003)
Human resource management careers: different paths for men and women?Career Development International, 8
Mark Mulcahy, C. Linehan (2014)
Females and Precarious Board Positions: Further Evidence of the Glass CliffInternational Management of Organizations & People eJournal
Linda Stroh, Paula Caligiuri (1998)
Increasing global competitiveness through effective people managementJournal of World Business, 33
Franciska Krings, Sabine Sczesny, A. Kluge (2011)
Stereotypical Inferences as Mediators of Age Discrimination: The Role of Competence and WarmthLaw & Society: Private Law - Discrimination Law eJournal
T. Jokinen, C. Brewster, Vesa Suutari (2008)
Career capital during international work experiences: contrasting self-initiated expatriate experiences and assigned expatriationThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19
Hans-Georg Wolff, K. Moser (2009)
Effects of networking on career success: a longitudinal study.The Journal of applied psychology, 94 1
James Elliott, Ryan Smith (2001)
Ethnic matching of supervisors to subordinate work groups: Findings on bottom-up ascription and social closureSocial Problems, 48
David Maume (1999)
Glass Ceilings and Glass EscalatorsWork and Occupations, 26
M. Clarke (2009)
Plodders, pragmatists, visionaries and opportunists: career patterns and employabilityDevelopment and Learning in Organizations, 24
Y. Altman, Y. Baruch (2012)
International self‐initiated corporate expatriate careers: A new era in international assignments, 41
Y. Altman, Y. Baruch (2012)
Global self‐initiated corporate expatriate careers: a new era in international assignments?Personnel Review, 41
Christine Williams (1992)
The Glass Escalator: Hidden Advantages for Men in the “Female” ProfessionsSocial Problems, 39
F. Froese, Vesa Peltokorpi (2013)
Organizational expatriates and self-initiated expatriates: differences in cross-cultural adjustment and job satisfactionThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24
Torsten Biemann, N. Braakmann (2013)
The impact of international experience on objective and subjective career success in early careersThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24
M. Elvira, M. Graham (2002)
Not Just a Formality: Pay System Formalization and Sex-Related Earnings EffectsOrgan. Sci., 13
R. Brown (2008)
Dominant stressors on expatriate couples during international assignmentsThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19
Helene Mayerhofer, A. Schmidt, Linley Hartmann, Regine Bendl (2011)
Recognising diversity in managing work life issues of flexpatriatesEquality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International Journal, 30
Mason Carpenter, W. Sanders, H. Gregersen (2000)
International assignment experience at the top can make a bottom‐line differenceHuman Resource Management, 39
J. Bonache (2005)
Job satisfaction among expatriates, repatriates and domestic employeesPersonnel Review, 34
Maura Belliveau (2012)
Engendering Inequity? How Social Accounts Create vs. Merely Explain Unfavorable Pay Outcomes for WomenOrgan. Sci., 23
D. Bernhardt, D. Scoones (1993)
Promotion, Turnover, and Preemptive Wage OffersThe American Economic Review, 83
A. Ariss, M. Özbilgin (2010)
Understanding self‐initiated expatriates: Career experiences of Lebanese self‐initiated expatriates in FranceThunderbird International Business Review, 52
Noeleen Doherty, J. Richardson, K. Thorn (2013)
Self‐initiated expatriation: Career experiences, processes and outcomesCareer Development International, 18
M. Dickmann, Noeleen Doherty (2008)
Exploring the Career Capital Impact of International Assignments within Distinct Organizational ContextsOrganizations & Markets eJournal
E. David, S. Okazaki (2006)
The Colonial Mentality Scale (CMS) for Filipino Americans: Scale Construction and Psychological ImplicationsJournal of Counseling Psychology, 53
Augustine Lado, M. Wilson (1994)
Human Resource Systems and Sustained Competitive Advantage: A Competency-Based PerspectiveAcademy of Management Review, 19
Susan Shortland (2016)
The purpose of expatriation: : Why women undertake international assignmentsHuman Resource Management, 55
G. S. Becker (1964)
Human capital
Michelle Ryan, S. Haslam (2007)
The Glass Cliff: Exploring the Dynamics Surrounding the Appointment of Women to Precarious Leadership PositionsAcademy of Management Review, 32
B. Gutek, A. Cohen, A. Tsui (1996)
Reactions to Perceived Sex DiscriminationHuman Relations, 49
(1980)
Experience, Performance, and Earnings
S. O'Sullivan (2002)
The protean approach to managing repatriation transitionsInternational Journal of Manpower, 23
Vesa Suutari, C. Brewster (2000)
Making their own way: international experience through self-initiated foreign assignmentsJournal of World Business, 35
Jenny Hoobler, Sandy Wayne, G. Lemmon (2009)
Bosses' Perceptions of Family-Work Conflict and Women's Promotability: Glass Ceiling EffectsAcademy of Management Journal, 52
Chun Guo, Emily Porschitz, Jose Alves (2013)
Exploring Career Agency During Self-Initiated Repatriation: A Study of Chinese Sea TurtlesCareer Development International, 18
M. Ozturk, N. Rumens (2014)
Gay Male Academics in UK Business and Management Schools: Negotiating Heteronormativities in Everyday Work LifeDemographics
Gary Oddou, M. Mendenhall (1991)
Succession planning for the 21st century: How well are we grooming our future business leaders?Business Horizons, 34
Tineke Cappellen, M. Janssens (2010)
The career reality of global managers: an examination of career triggersThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21
Mansour Javidan, R. House (2002)
Leadership and cultures around the world: Findings from GLOBE. An introduction to the special issueJournal of World Business, 37
David Zweig, Changgui Chen, S. Rosen (2004)
Globalization and Transnational Human Capital: Overseas and Returnee Scholars to ChinaThe China Quarterly, 179
H. Gregersen, A. Morrison (1998)
Developing Leaders for the Global FrontierSloan Management Review, 40
Mason Carpenter, W. Sanders, H. Gregersen (2001)
Bundling Human Capital with Organizational Context: The Impact of International Assignment Experience on Multinational Firm Performance and CEO PayAcademy of Management Journal, 44
Robert Bretz, J. Boudreau, T. Judge (1994)
JOB SEARCH BEHAVIOR OF EMPLOYED MANAGERSPersonnel Psychology, 47
G. Stahl, E. Miller, Rosalie Tung (2002)
Toward the boundaryless career: a closer look at the expatriate career concept and the perceived implications of an international assignmentJournal of World Business, 37
E. David, S. Okazaki (2006)
Colonial mentality: a review and recommendation for Filipino American psychology.Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology, 12 1
K. Arrow (1973)
Higher education as a filterJournal of Public Economics, 2
T. Redman, E. Snape (2006)
The Consequences of Perceived Age Discrimination Amongst Older Police Officers: Is Social Support a Buffer?Wiley-Blackwell: British Journal of Management
Linda Stroh, H. Gregersen, J. Black (2000)
Triumphs and tragedies: expectations and commitments upon repatriationThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11
C. Mccauley, Marian Ruderman, P. Ohlott, Jan Morrow (1994)
Assessing the developmental components of managerial jobs.Journal of Applied Psychology, 79
Marian Crowley-Henry (2012)
Re‐conceptualizing the career development of self initiated expatriates: rivers not laddersJournal of Management Development, 31
Peter Magnusson, David Boggs (2006)
International experience and CEO selection: An empirical studyJournal of International Management, 12
G. Fink, S. Meierewert (2005)
The Use of Repatriate Knowledge in Organizations, 28
Rosalie Tung (1998)
A contingency framework of selection and training of expatriates revisitedHuman Resource Management Review, 8
K. Arrow (1973a)
The theory of discrimination, 3
A. L. Bergano, B. L. Bergano‐Kinney (1997)
Filipino Americans: Transformation and identity
A. Carton, A. Rosette (2011)
Explaining Bias against Black Leaders: Integrating Theory on Information Processing and Goal-Based StereotypingAcademy of Management Journal, 54
G. Benson, M. Pattie (2008)
Is expatriation good for my career? The impact of expatriate assignments on perceived and actual career outcomesThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19
C. Daily, S. Certo, D. Dalton (2000)
International experience in the executive suite: The path to prosperity?Strategic Management Journal, 21
V. Priola, Diego Lasio, S. Simone, F. Serri (2014)
The Sound of Silence. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Discrimination in ‘Inclusive Organizations’Wiley-Blackwell: British Journal of Management
M. Lazarova, Paula Caligiuri (2001)
Retaining repatriates: the role of organizational support practicesJournal of World Business, 36
T. Levitin, R. Quinn, G. Staines (1971)
Sex Disertmznataon Against the American Working WomanAmerican Behavioral Scientist, 15
Arrow (1973a)
3Discrimination in Labor Markets, 3
Anne-Wil Harzing (2001)
Of bears, bumble-bees, and spiders: the role of expatriates in controlling foreign subsidiariesJournal of World Business, 36
Vesa Suutari, K. Mäkelä (2007)
The career capital of managers with global careersJournal of Managerial Psychology, 22
Damon Phillips (2005)
Organizational Genealogies and the Persistence of Gender Inequality: The Case of Silicon Valley Law FirmsAdministrative Science Quarterly, 50
M. Spence (1973)
Job Market SignalingQuarterly Journal of Economics, 87
Nicholas Athanassiou, D. Nigh (1999)
The impact of U.S. company internationalization on top management team advice networks : A tacit knowledge perspectiveStrategic Management Journal, 20
F. Froese, S. Jommersbach, Erik Klautzsch (2013)
Cosmopolitan career choices: a cross-cultural study of job candidates' expatriation willingnessThe International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24
Alison Cook, Christy Glass (2013)
Glass Cliffs and Organizational Saviors: Barriers to Minority Leadership in Work Organizations?Social Problems, 60
M. Wright, Xiaohui Liu, T. Buck, I. Filatotchev (2007)
Returnee Entrepreneurs, Science Park Location Choice and Performance: An Analysis of High–Technology SMEs in ChinaEntrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 32
M. Bolino (2007)
Expatriate assignments and intra-organizational career success: implications for individuals and organizationsJournal of International Business Studies, 38
A. Quek (2005)
Learning for the workplace: a case study in graduate employees' generic competenciesJournal of Workplace Learning, 17
Discrimination in the labor market has historically been associated with gender, race, ethnicity, and age. This article introduces another basis of discrimination—international experience—which may exist in developing countries because of a colonial mindset. The research is an exploratory study, based on an analysis of in‐depth semistructured interviews with 8 HR managers, 19 employees with international experience, and 24 employees without international experience (N = 51) working in the oil and gas and telecom sectors of Pakistan. Results indicate some initial evidence of a bias, and hence discrimination during recruitment for entry‐level positions. Findings also indicate that international experience may contribute to enhanced employment opportunities, career progress, and higher compensation at senior‐level leadership positions, leaving those without such experience at a disadvantage. While in some cases international experience may be a genuine occupational requirement (GOR), further research is needed to identify whether this is in fact a GOR for senior level positions in all types of organizations or indirect discrimination under the guise of GOR. Recommendations for HR managers and organizational leaders are also set out, which can be applied in practice to foster equality of opportunity in the workplace. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Human Resource Management – Wiley
Published: Jan 1, 2018
Keywords: ; ; ; ; ;
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.