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Endogenous retinoids in the zebrafish embryo and adult

Endogenous retinoids in the zebrafish embryo and adult Retinoic acid and its isoforms are considered to be endogenous compounds which regulate embryonic development. In the work reported here we have determined which retinoids are present in zebrafish embryos and how their levels change throughout development and into adulthood. All‐trans‐RA is present and its level does not change significantly during embryogenesis. We failed to detect other retinoic acid isomers such as 9‐cis‐RA and 4‐oxo‐RA, but we did observe a rapid rise in the level of didehydroretinol after gastrulation. The most striking result is that the zebrafish embryo, like Xenopus and tunicates, contains a vast excess of t‐retinal whereas the embryos of higher vertebrates have an excess of t‐retinol. However, as the zebrafish grows, the levels of t‐retinol rise so that by adulthood t‐retinol and t‐retinal concentrations are more equivalent, indicating a changing pattern of retinoid metabolism with growth. To examine the significance of the use of t‐retinal as a precursor of t‐RA we treated embryos with disulphiram, an inhibitor of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase. This resulted in embryos with an undulating notochord and correspondingly abnormal somites and ventral floor plate. In contrast to this effect, 4‐methylpyrazole, which inhibits alcohol dehydrogenases, had no effect on development. This effect of disulphiram suggests that t‐RA may be involved in the establishment of the anteroposterior axis of the embryo. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Developmental Dynamics Wiley

Endogenous retinoids in the zebrafish embryo and adult

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References (60)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ISSN
1058-8388
eISSN
1097-0177
DOI
10.1002/(SICI)1097-0177(199601)205:1<41::AID-AJA4>3.0.CO;2-5
pmid
8770550
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Retinoic acid and its isoforms are considered to be endogenous compounds which regulate embryonic development. In the work reported here we have determined which retinoids are present in zebrafish embryos and how their levels change throughout development and into adulthood. All‐trans‐RA is present and its level does not change significantly during embryogenesis. We failed to detect other retinoic acid isomers such as 9‐cis‐RA and 4‐oxo‐RA, but we did observe a rapid rise in the level of didehydroretinol after gastrulation. The most striking result is that the zebrafish embryo, like Xenopus and tunicates, contains a vast excess of t‐retinal whereas the embryos of higher vertebrates have an excess of t‐retinol. However, as the zebrafish grows, the levels of t‐retinol rise so that by adulthood t‐retinol and t‐retinal concentrations are more equivalent, indicating a changing pattern of retinoid metabolism with growth. To examine the significance of the use of t‐retinal as a precursor of t‐RA we treated embryos with disulphiram, an inhibitor of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase. This resulted in embryos with an undulating notochord and correspondingly abnormal somites and ventral floor plate. In contrast to this effect, 4‐methylpyrazole, which inhibits alcohol dehydrogenases, had no effect on development. This effect of disulphiram suggests that t‐RA may be involved in the establishment of the anteroposterior axis of the embryo. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

Journal

Developmental Dynamics – Wiley

Published: Jan 1, 1996

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