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Characterization of Glutamate Uptake into Synaptic Vesicles

Characterization of Glutamate Uptake into Synaptic Vesicles Abstract: Recent evidence indicates that L‐glutamate is taken up into synaptic vesicles in an ATP‐dependent manner, supporting the notion that synaptic vesicles may be involved in glutamate synaptic transmission. In this study, we further characterized the ATP‐dependent vesicular uptake of glutamate. Evidence is provided that a Mg‐ATPase, not Ca‐ATPase, is responsible for the ATP hydrolysis coupled to the glutamate uptake. The ATP‐dependent glutamate uptake was inhibited by agents known to dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient across the membrane of chromaffin granules. Hence, it is suggested that the vesicular uptake of glutamate is driven by electrochemical proton gradients generated by the Mg‐ATPase. Of particular interest is the finding that the ATP‐dependent glutamate uptake is markedly stimulated by chloride over a physiologically relevant, millimolar concentration range, suggesting an important role of intranerve terminal chloride in the accumulation of glutamate in synaptic vesicles. The vesicular glutamate translocator is highly specific for L‐glutamate, and failed to interact with aspartate, its related agents, and most of the glutamate analogs tested. It is proposed that this vesicular translocator plays a crucial role in determining the fate of glutamate as a neurotransmitter. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Neurochemistry Wiley

Characterization of Glutamate Uptake into Synaptic Vesicles

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References (52)

Publisher
Wiley
Copyright
Copyright © 1985 Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company
ISSN
0022-3042
eISSN
1471-4159
DOI
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07118.x
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Abstract: Recent evidence indicates that L‐glutamate is taken up into synaptic vesicles in an ATP‐dependent manner, supporting the notion that synaptic vesicles may be involved in glutamate synaptic transmission. In this study, we further characterized the ATP‐dependent vesicular uptake of glutamate. Evidence is provided that a Mg‐ATPase, not Ca‐ATPase, is responsible for the ATP hydrolysis coupled to the glutamate uptake. The ATP‐dependent glutamate uptake was inhibited by agents known to dissipate the electrochemical proton gradient across the membrane of chromaffin granules. Hence, it is suggested that the vesicular uptake of glutamate is driven by electrochemical proton gradients generated by the Mg‐ATPase. Of particular interest is the finding that the ATP‐dependent glutamate uptake is markedly stimulated by chloride over a physiologically relevant, millimolar concentration range, suggesting an important role of intranerve terminal chloride in the accumulation of glutamate in synaptic vesicles. The vesicular glutamate translocator is highly specific for L‐glutamate, and failed to interact with aspartate, its related agents, and most of the glutamate analogs tested. It is proposed that this vesicular translocator plays a crucial role in determining the fate of glutamate as a neurotransmitter.

Journal

Journal of NeurochemistryWiley

Published: Jan 1, 1985

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