Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
D. Rosenfeld, W. Woodley, A. Lerner, G. Kelman, D. Lindsey (2008)
Satellite detection of severe convective storms by their retrieved vertical profiles of cloud particle effective radius and thermodynamic phaseJournal of Geophysical Research, 113
M. Barth, Christopher Cantrell, W. Brune, S. Rutledge, James Crawford, H. Huntrieser, Lawrence Carey, D. MacGorman, M. Weisman, K. Pickering, E. Bruning, B. Anderson, E. Apel, M. Biggerstaff, T. Campos, P. Campuzano‐Jost, R. Cohen, J. Crounse, D. Day, G. Diskin, F. Flocke, A. Fried, C. Garland, B. Heikes, S. Honomichl, R. Hornbrook, L. Huey, Jose Jimenez, T. Lang, M. Lichtenstern, T. Mikoviny, B. Nault, D. O'Sullivan, Laura Pan, J. Peischl, I. Pollack, D. Richter, D. Riemer, T. Ryerson, H. Schlager, J. Clair, J. Walega, P. Weibring, A. Weinheimer, P. Wennberg, A. Wisthaler, P. Wooldridge, C. Ziegler (2015)
The Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry (DC3) Field CampaignBulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96
G. Stano, C. Schultz, L. Carey, D. MacGorman, K. Calhoun (2014)
Article Total Lightning Observations and Tools for the 20 May 2013 Moore, Oklahoma, Tornadic Supercell, 2
T. Logan, B. Xi, Xiquan Dong, Rebecca Obrecht, Zhanqing Li, M. Cribb (2010)
A study of Asian dust plumes using satellite, surface, and aircraft measurements during the INTEX‐B field experimentJournal of Geophysical Research, 115
Sarah Tessendorf, S. Rutledge, K. Wiens (2007)
Radar and Lightning Observations of Normal and Inverted Polarity Multicellular Storms from STEPSMonthly Weather Review, 135
Jiwen Fan, Renyi Zhang, W. Tao, K. Mohr (2008)
Effects of aerosol optical properties on deep convective clouds and radiative forcingJournal of Geophysical Research, 113
E. Williams, V. Mushtak, D. Rosenfeld, S. Goodman, D. Boccippio (2005)
Thermodynamic Conditions Favorable to Superlative Thunderstorm Updraft, Mixed Phase Microphysics and Lightning Flash RateAtmospheric Research, 76
W. Lyons, Thomas Nelson, Earle Williams, John Cramer, Tommy Turner (1998)
Enhanced positive cloud-to-ground lightning in thunderstorms ingesting smoke from firesScience, 282 5386
(1998)
The U.S. National Lightning Detection Network and applications of cloud-to-ground
(2014)
Cloud-to-ground lightning signatures of long-lived tornadic supercells on 27–28
M. Sandstrom, Ryan Lauritsen, D. Changnon (2004)
A Central-U.S. Summer Extreme Dew-Point Climatology (1949-2000)Physical Geography, 25
R. Orville, Gary Huffines, J. Nielsen‐Gammon, Renyi Zhang, B. Ely, Scott Steiger, Stephen Phillips, S. Allen, W. Read (2001)
Enhancement of cloud‐to‐ground lightning over Houston, TexasGeophysical Research Letters, 28
T. Crum, R. Alberty (1993)
The WSR-88D and the WSR-88D Operational Support FacilityBulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 74
John Cintineo, Travis Smith, V. Lakshmanan, H. Brooks, K. Ortega (2012)
An Objective High-Resolution Hail Climatology of the Contiguous United StatesWeather and Forecasting, 27
Yi-Chin Liu, Jiwen Fan, Guang Zhang, Kuan Xu, S. Ghan (2015)
Improving representation of convective transport for scale‐aware parameterization: 2. Analysis of cloud‐resolving model simulationsJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120
T. Logan, B. Xi, Xiquan Dong, Zhanqing Li, M. Cribb (2013)
Classification and investigation of Asian aerosol absorptive propertiesAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 13
Guohui Li, Y. Wang, Renyi Zhang (2008)
Implementation of a two‐moment bulk microphysics scheme to the WRF model to investigate aerosol‐cloud interactionJournal of Geophysical Research, 113
B. Stevens, G. Feingold (2009)
Untangling aerosol effects on clouds and precipitation in a buffered systemNature, 461
J. Thornton, K. Virts, R. Holzworth, T. Mitchell (2017)
Lightning enhancement over major oceanic shipping lanesGeophysical Research Letters, 44
Xiquan Dong, A. Schwantes, B. Xi, Peng Wu (2015)
Investigation of the marine boundary layer cloud and CCN properties under coupled and decoupled conditions over the AzoresJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120
(1996)
The NCEP/NCAR reanalysis 40-year project
K. Cummins, E. Krider, M. Malone (1998)
The U.S. National Lightning Detection NetworkTM and Applications of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Data by Electric Power UtilitiesIEEE Transactions on Electronic Computers
Jun Wang, S. Heever, J. Reid (2009)
A conceptual model for the link between Central American biomass burning aerosols and severe weather over the south central United StatesEnvironmental Research Letters, 4
Douglas Stolz, S. Rutledge, J. Pierce (2015)
Simultaneous influences of thermodynamics and aerosols on deep convection and lightning in the tropicsJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120
E. Bruning, Stephanie Weiss, K. Calhoun (2014)
Continuous variability in thunderstorm primary electrification and an evaluation of inverted-polarity terminologyAtmospheric Research, 135
(1999)
severe weather over the south central United States
(2002)
Contrasting convective regimes over
T. Logan, Xiquan Dong, B. Xi (2018)
Aerosol properties and their impacts on surface CCN at the ARM Southern Great Plains site during the 2011 Midlatitude Continental Convective Clouds ExperimentAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences, 35
R. Orville, Gary Huffines (2001)
Cloud-to-ground lightning in the United States: NLDN results in the first decade, 1989-98Monthly Weather Review, 129
E. Kalnay, M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, S. Saha, G. White, J. Woollen, Yuejian Zhu, M. Chelliah, W. Ebisuzaki, W. Higgins, J. Janowiak, K. Mo, C. Ropelewski, Jiande Wang, A. Leetmaa, R. Reynolds, R. Jenne, Dennis Joseph (1996)
The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis ProjectRenewable Energy
(2007)
Negative cloud - to - ground lightning stroke rates relative to VIL , maximum re fl ectivity , cell height , and cell isolation
P. Markowski, Yvette Richardson (2010)
Mesoscale Meteorology in Midlatitudes
(2001)
Cloud-to-ground lightning activity in the contiguous United States from 1995
(2006)
Aerosol indirect effect studies
A. Khain, D. Rosenfeld, A. Pokrovsky (2005)
Aerosol impact on the dynamics and microphysics of deep convective cloudsQuarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 131
P. Gatlin, S. Goodman (2010)
A Total Lightning Trending Algorithm to Identify Severe ThunderstormsJournal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 27
Stephen Strader, Walker Ashley (2014)
Cloud-to-ground lightning signatures of long-lived tornadic supercells on 27–28 April 2011Physical Geography, 35
A. Robock (1988)
Enhancement of Surface Cooling Due to Forest Fire SmokeScience, 242
(2013)
Analysis of the 26 August 2007 Northern Plains tornado outbreak
V. Buchard, A. Silva, P. Colarco, A. Darmenov, C. Randles, R. Govindaraju, O. Torres, J. Campbell, R. Spurr (2014)
Using the OMI aerosol index and absorption aerosol optical depth to evaluate the NASA MERRA Aerosol ReanalysisAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15
W. Tao, Jen‐Ping Chen, Zhanqing Li, Chien Wang, Chidong Zhang (2012)
Impact of aerosols on convective clouds and precipitationReviews of Geophysics, 50
D. Spracklen, K. Carslaw, U. Pöschl, A. Rap, P. Forster (2011)
Global cloud condensation nuclei influenced by carbonaceous combustion aerosolAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 11
C. Schultz, W. Petersen, L. Carey (2009)
Preliminary Development and Evaluation of Lightning Jump Algorithms for the Real-Time Detection of Severe WeatherJournal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 48
K. Cummins, M. Murphy (2009)
An Overview of Lightning Locating Systems: History, Techniques, and Data Uses, With an In-Depth Look at the U.S. NLDNIEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 51
K. Kuhlman, C. Ziegler, E. Mansell, D. MacGorman, J. Straka (2006)
Numerically Simulated Electrification and Lightning of the 29 June 2000 STEPS Supercell StormMonthly Weather Review, 134
Bard Zajac, S. Rutledge (2001)
Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity in the Contiguous United States from 1995 to 1999Monthly Weather Review, 129
J. Heintzenberg, R. Charlson (2009)
Deep convective clouds
E. Williams, B. Boldi, A. Matlin, M. Weber, Steve Goodman, R. Raghavan, D. Buechler
THE BEHAVIOR OF TOTAL LIGHTNING ACTMTY IN SEVERE FLORIDA THUNDERSTORMS
(2007)
Northern Plains tornado outbreak. Central Region Technical Attachment
(2007)
Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds
Zhanqing Li, F. Niu, Jiwen Fan, Yangang Liu, D. Rosenfeld, Yanni Ding (2011)
Long-term impacts of aerosols on the vertical development of clouds and precipitationNature Geoscience, 4
Pengfei Tian, Xianjie Cao, Lei Zhang, N. Sun, Lu Sun, T. Logan, Jinsen Shi, Yuan Wang, Yuemeng Ji, Yun Lin, Zhongwei Huang, Tian Zhou, Yingying Shi, Renyi Zhang (2017)
Aerosol vertical distribution and optical properties over China from long-term satellite and ground-based remote sensingAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17
L. Carey, W. Petersen, S. Rutledge (2003)
Evolution of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning and Storm Structure in the Spencer, South Dakota, Tornadic Supercell of 30 May 1998Monthly Weather Review, 131
E. Mansell, C. Ziegler (2013)
Aerosol Effects on Simulated Storm Electrification and Precipitation in a Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics ModelJournal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 70
Scott Steiger, R. Orville, Gary Huffines (2001)
Cloud‐to‐ground lightning characteristics over Houston, Texas: 1989–2000Journal of Geophysical Research, 107
(1989)
Cloud-to-ground lightning characteristics over
Rodger Brown, Cristina Kaufman, D. MacGorman (2002)
Cloud‐to‐ground lightning associated with the evolution of a multicell stormJournal of Geophysical Research, 107
L. Carey, K. Buffalo (2004)
Environmental Control of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Polarity in Severe StormsMonthly Weather Review, 135
D. Rosenfeld, M. Fromm, J. Trentmann, Gunnar Luderer, M. Andreae, R. Servranckx (2006)
The Chisholm firestorm: observed microstructure, precipitation and lightning activity of a pyro-cumulonimbusAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 7
R. Orville, Gary Huffines, W. Burrows, R. Holle, K. Cummins (2002)
The North American Lightning Detection Network (NALDN)—First Results: 1998–2000Monthly Weather Review, 130
S. Rudlosky, H. Fuelberg (2011)
Seasonal, Regional, and Storm-Scale Variability of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Characteristics in FloridaMonthly Weather Review, 139
A. Stein, R. Draxler, G. Rolph, B. Stunder, Mark Cohen, F. Ngan (2015)
NOAA’s HYSPLIT Atmospheric Transport and Dispersion Modeling SystemBulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96
Jiwen Fan, Yi-Chin Liu, Kuan Xu, K. North, S. Collis, Xiquan Dong, Guang Zhang, Qian Chen, P. Kollias, S. Ghan (2015)
Improving representation of convective transport for scale‐aware parameterization: 1. Convection and cloud properties simulated with spectral bin and bulk microphysicsJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120
(2015)
Use of satellite observations in NASA reanalyses: MERRA-2 and future plans. CGMS-43, NASA-WP-06 v1
Jiwen Fan, T. Yuan, J. Comstock, S. Ghan, A. Khain, L. Leung, Zhanqing Li, V. Martins, M. Ovchinnikov (2009)
Dominant role by vertical wind shear in regulating aerosol effects on deep convective cloudsJournal of Geophysical Research, 114
C. Biagi, Kenneth Cummins, Kenneth Kehoe, E. Krider (2007)
National Lightning Detection Network (NLDN) performance in southern Arizona, Texas, and Oklahoma in 2003–2004Journal of Geophysical Research, 112
C. Emersic, P. Heinselman, D. MacGorman, E. Bruning (2011)
Lightning Activity in a Hail-Producing Storm Observed with Phased-Array RadarMonthly Weather Review, 139
(2015)
Using the OMI aerosol index
G. Feingold, R. Furrer, P. Pilewskie, L. Remer, Q. Min, H. Jonsson (2006)
Aerosol indirect effect studies at Southern Great Plains during the May 2003 Intensive Operations PeriodJournal of Geophysical Research, 111
D. Winker, W. Hunt, M. McGill (2007)
Initial performance assessment of CALIOPGeophysical Research Letters, 34
(2005)
Thermodynamic conditions favorable to superlative
D. Rosenfeld, U. Lohmann, G. Raga, C. O’Dowd, M. Kulmala, S. Fuzzi, A. Reissell, M. Andreae (2008)
Flood or Drought: How Do Aerosols Affect Precipitation?Science, 321
Jun Wang, Jun Wang, S. Christopher (2006)
Mesoscale modeling of Central American smoke transport to the United States: 2. Smoke radiative impact on regional surface energy budget and boundary layer evolutionJournal of Geophysical Research, 111
E. Williams, D. Rosenfeld, N. Madden, J. Gerlach, N. Gears, L. Atkinson, N. Dunnemann, G. Frostrom, M. Antonio, B. Biazon, R. Camargo, H. França, A. Gomes, M. Lima, Raul Machado, S. Manhaes, L. Nachtigall, H. Piva, W. Quintiliano, L. Machado, P. Artaxo, G. Roberts, N. Renno, R. Blakeslee, J. Bailey, D. Boccippio, A. Betts, D. Wolff, B. Roy, J. Halverson, T. Rickenbach, J. Fuentes, E. Avelino (2002)
Contrasting convective regimes over the Amazon: Implications for cloud electrificationJournal of Geophysical Research, 107
Joe Smith, M. Baker, J. Weinman (2003)
Do forest fires affect lightning?Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 129
O. Altaratz, I. Koren, Y. Yair, C. Price (2010)
Lightning response to smoke from Amazonian firesGeophysical Research Letters, 37
L. Carey, S. Rutledge (2003)
Characteristics of cloud‐to‐ground lightning in severe and nonsevere storms over the central United States from 1989–1998Journal of Geophysical Research, 108
Sarah Stough, L. Carey, C. Schultz (2014)
Total Lightning as an Indicator of Mesocyclone Behavior
(2015)
Use of satellite observations in NASA reanalyses: MERRA-2 and future
T. Logan, B. Xi, Xiquan Dong (2014)
Aerosol properties and their influences on marine boundary layer cloud condensation nuclei at the ARM mobile facility over the AzoresJournal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 119
Positive polarity lightning strokes can be useful indicators of thunderstorm behavior. A combination of National Lightning Detection Network and Next Generation Radar retrievals is used to analyze the anomalous positive cloud‐to‐ground (CG) lightning behavior of a rare, late summer severe weather event that occurred on 26–27 August 2007 in the Northern Great Plains region of the United States and southern Canada. Seven discrete supercells (SC1–SC7) exhibiting frequent and intense lightning were responsible for numerous reports of severe weather (e.g., severe hail and 16 tornadoes) including catastrophic damage to the town of Northwood, North Dakota, caused by SC2. Biomass burning smoke from wildfires in Idaho and Montana was present prior to convective initiation. A positive CG lightning stroke rate of nearly 30 strokes per minute was observed 10 min before the EF4 tornado struck Northwood. SC2 was also responsible for all the reports of tornadoes exceeding an EF2 rating. The strongest peak currents (>200 kA) were observed in SC1–SC4 with SC2 having a maximum value of 280 kA. SC2 dominated the statistics of the line of supercells accounting for 27% of all CG lightning strokes. Positive CG lightning accounted for over 40% of all CG lightning strokes in SC4–SC7 on average, and the maximum exceeded 90% in SC6 and SC7. Increasing positive CG lightning dominance was correlated with an increasing northward gradient of smoke aerosol loading in addition to severe weather being reported before the maximum in positive CG lighting stroke rate (SC5 and SC6). This suggests that a complex combination of synoptic forcing and aerosol perturbation likely led to the observed anomalous positive CG lightning behavior in the supercells.
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres – Wiley
Published: Jan 16, 2018
Keywords: ; ; ;
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.