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PERSPECTIVE The Evolving Understanding of Grassland Restoration Seeding Protocols Christopher F. Miller rasslands provide many ecological services includ- the commercial market place for the USDA Conservation ing reduction in soil erosion, improvement in soil Programs. The major volume of native grass seed being Gand water quality, and increased wildlife habitat produced commercially at the time in large quantities for certain specialized grassland species. Permanent grass- was in older established grass varieties. These were mostly land acreage has been declining in the United States since developed from the 1940’s through the late 1970’s for live- the late 1940’s. According to a study by the US Depart- stock forage and erosion control. Some commonly available ment of Agriculture (USDA)’s Economic Research Ser- cultivars included Blackwell, Cave-in-Rock, and Kanlow vice, 60% of the land acreage in the contiguous US was switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) as well as Cheyenne, Toma- grassland in 1948. By 2002, that figure had dropped to hawk, and Nebraska 54 Indiangrass (Sorghastrum nutans). 44% (Wedin and Fales 2009) due to urban and suburban Available cultivars of bluestem varieties included Kaw and development, agriculture, and encroachment of woody Niagara big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii) and Aldous and vegetation. With this recognized loss
Ecological Restoration – University of Wisconsin Press
Published: Jun 13, 2013
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