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The past century has seen a huge imbalance in the study of Korean Buddhism. Most attention has been devoted to the early period and particularly to Bud- dhism in Silla, where Wŏnhyo (617–686) emerged as a towering figure whose influence reached far beyond the Korean peninsula. Koryŏ, too, received con- siderable attention, particularly thanks to the printing of the Tripitaka, which became the basis for the Taishō Canon that is used as a standard edition by modern buddhologists. Undoubtedly Korean Buddhism flourished in these ages and was even able to exert influence on the Buddhist traditions in other countries. With the advent of the Chosŏn court in 1392, however, the gradual adoption of Neo-Confucianism as the new state’s ideology implied a drastic deterioration of the position of Buddhism, which no longer could claim to be the dominant system of belief and was severely weakened institutionally. Twentieth-century scholars of Korean Buddhism (among whom quite a few Japanese) accordingly adopted a negative perspective on Chosŏn Buddhism. Official policies of the Confucian government designed to curtail and control Buddhism were deemed to have resulted in intellectual stagnation and a relega- tion of Buddhism to the lower classes (accompanied by a vulgarization of
Journal of Korean Religions – University of Hawai'I Press
Published: Jul 14, 2012
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