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Respiratory neuronal activity during apnea and poststimulatory effects of laryngeal origin in the cat

Respiratory neuronal activity during apnea and poststimulatory effects of laryngeal origin in the... Abstract We investigated the behavior of medullary respiratory neurons in cats under pentobarbitone anesthesia, vagotomized, paralysed, and artificially ventilated to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying apnea and poststimulatory respiratory depression induced by superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation. Inspiratory neurons were completely inhibited during SLN stimulation and poststimulatory apnea. During recovery of inspiratory activity, augmenting inspiratory neurons were depressed, decrementing inspiratory neurons were excited, and late inspiratory neurons displayed unchanged bursts closely locked to the end of the inspiratory phase. Augmenting expiratory neurons were either silenced or displayed different levels of tonic activity during SLN stimulation; some of them were clearly activated. These expiratory neurons displayed activity during poststimulatory apnea, before the onset of the first recovery phrenic burst. Postinspiratory or decrementing expiratory neurons were activated during SLN stimulation; their discharge continued with a decreasing trend during poststimulatory apnea. The results support the three-phase theory of rhythm generation and the view that SLN stimulation provokes a postinspiratory apnea that could represent the inhibitory component of respiratory reflexes of laryngeal origin, such as swallowing. In addition, because a subpopulation of augmenting expiratory neurons displays activation during SLN stimulation, the hypothesis can be advanced that not only postinspiratory, or decrementing expiratory neurons, but also augmenting expiratory neurons may be involved in the genesis of apnea and poststimulatory phenomena. Finally, the increase in the activity of decrementing inspiratory neurons after the end of SLN stimulation may contribute to the generation of poststimulatory respiratory depression by providing an inhibitory input to bulbospinal augmenting inspiratory neurons. respiratory neurons control of breathing expiratory activity superior laryngeal nerve postinspiratory activity Footnotes This study was supported by grants from the Ministero dell' Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica of Italy. Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. Pantaleo, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G. B. Morgagni 63, I-50134 Firenze, Italy (E-mail: tito.pantaleo@unifi.it ). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked “ advertisement ” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Copyright © 2000 the American Physiological Society http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Applied Physiology The American Physiological Society

Respiratory neuronal activity during apnea and poststimulatory effects of laryngeal origin in the cat

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Publisher
The American Physiological Society
Copyright
Copyright © 2011 the American Physiological Society
ISSN
8750-7587
eISSN
1522-1601
Publisher site
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Abstract

Abstract We investigated the behavior of medullary respiratory neurons in cats under pentobarbitone anesthesia, vagotomized, paralysed, and artificially ventilated to elucidate neural mechanisms underlying apnea and poststimulatory respiratory depression induced by superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) stimulation. Inspiratory neurons were completely inhibited during SLN stimulation and poststimulatory apnea. During recovery of inspiratory activity, augmenting inspiratory neurons were depressed, decrementing inspiratory neurons were excited, and late inspiratory neurons displayed unchanged bursts closely locked to the end of the inspiratory phase. Augmenting expiratory neurons were either silenced or displayed different levels of tonic activity during SLN stimulation; some of them were clearly activated. These expiratory neurons displayed activity during poststimulatory apnea, before the onset of the first recovery phrenic burst. Postinspiratory or decrementing expiratory neurons were activated during SLN stimulation; their discharge continued with a decreasing trend during poststimulatory apnea. The results support the three-phase theory of rhythm generation and the view that SLN stimulation provokes a postinspiratory apnea that could represent the inhibitory component of respiratory reflexes of laryngeal origin, such as swallowing. In addition, because a subpopulation of augmenting expiratory neurons displays activation during SLN stimulation, the hypothesis can be advanced that not only postinspiratory, or decrementing expiratory neurons, but also augmenting expiratory neurons may be involved in the genesis of apnea and poststimulatory phenomena. Finally, the increase in the activity of decrementing inspiratory neurons after the end of SLN stimulation may contribute to the generation of poststimulatory respiratory depression by providing an inhibitory input to bulbospinal augmenting inspiratory neurons. respiratory neurons control of breathing expiratory activity superior laryngeal nerve postinspiratory activity Footnotes This study was supported by grants from the Ministero dell' Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica of Italy. Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: T. Pantaleo, Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiologiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Viale G. B. Morgagni 63, I-50134 Firenze, Italy (E-mail: tito.pantaleo@unifi.it ). The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. The article must therefore be hereby marked “ advertisement ” in accordance with 18 U.S.C. §1734 solely to indicate this fact. Copyright © 2000 the American Physiological Society

Journal

Journal of Applied PhysiologyThe American Physiological Society

Published: Sep 1, 2000

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