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BRITTON HELMUT SIES, AND ALBERT0 BOVERIS Johnson ResearchFoundation, School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Institut fiir Physiologische Chemieder Universit&t Miinchen, M&&en, Federal Republic of Germany; and Instituto de Quimica Biolbgica, Facultad de Medicina, Buenos Aires, Argentina I. Introduction and Historical Background ................................ II. Enzymes Metabolizing Products ...................... A. Enzymes utilizing free s .............................. B. Enzymes utilizing bound s ............................ C. Enzymes utilizing superoxide anion ................................. III. Methods for Determining Products and Related Chemical Species in Biological Systems ..................... A. Determination of hydrogen peroxide ................................ B. Determination of superoxide anion .................................. C. Detection of hydroxyl radical ....................................... D. Determination of lipid and organic peroxides. ........................ E. Detection of singlet molecular oxygen ............................... IV. Cellular Sources of Hydrogen Peroxide ................................. A. Subcellular fractions .............................................. B. Hydrogen peroxide production at different oxygen concentrations ...... V. Intracellular Regulation of Products .................. A. Steady-state intracellular concentrations of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion .............................................. B. Levels of enzyme activity .......................................... C. Cellular redox state ............................................... Vi. Oxygen Toxicity and Defense Against Products ........ A. Oxygen toxicity ................................................... B. Defense against toxic products of oxygen reduction ................... VII. Lipid Peroxidation ................................................... A. Lipid and organic peroxide formation ............................... B. Biochemical consequences of lipid
Physiological Reviews – The American Physiological Society
Published: Jul 1, 1979
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