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- Publisher
- The American Physiological Society
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society
- ISSN
- 0363-6119
- eISSN
- 1522-1490
- DOI
- 10.1152/ajpregu.00031.2012
- pmid
- 22552794
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
The heteromeric sweet taste receptor T1R2-T1R3 is expressed on the luminal membrane of certain populations of enteroendocrine cells. Sensing of sugars and other sweet compounds by this receptor activates a pathway in enteroendocrine cells, resulting in secretion of a number of gut hormones, including glucagon-like peptide 2 (GLP-2). This subsequently leads to upregulation in the expression of intestinal Na + /glucose cotransporter, SGLT1, and increased intestinal glucose absorption. On the basis of the current information available on the horse genome sequence, it has been proposed that the gene for T1R2 ( Tas1R2 ) is absent in the horse. We show here, however, that horses express both the mRNA and protein for T1R2. Equine T1R2 is most closely homologous to that in the pig and the cow. T1R2 protein, along with T1R3, α-gustducin, and GLP-2 proteins are coexpressed in equine intestinal endocrine cells. Intravenous administration of GLP-2, in rats and pigs, leads to an increase in the expression of SGLT1 in absorptive enterocytes and enhancement in blood glucose concentrations. GLP-2 receptor is expressed in enteric neurons, excluding the direct effect of GLP-2 on enterocytes. However, electric stimulation of enteric neurons generates a neural response leading to SGLT1 upregulation, suggesting that sugar in the intestine activates a reflex increase in the functional expression of SGLT1. Horses possess the ability to upregulate SGLT1 expression in response to increased dietary carbohydrates, and to enhance the capacity of the gut to absorb glucose. The gut sweet receptor provides an accessible target for manipulating the equine gut to absorb glucose (and water), allowing greater energy uptake and hydration for hard-working horses. sweet taste receptor Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article Published online before print May 2, 2012 , doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.00031.2012 AJP - Regu Physiol July 15, 2012 vol. 303 no. 2 R199-R208 » Abstract Free Full Text Free to you Full Text (PDF) Free to you All Versions of this Article: ajpregu.00031.2012v1 303/2/R199 most recent Classifications Translational Physiology Services Email this article to a friend Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Download to citation manager Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via Web of Science Google Scholar Articles by Daly, K. Articles by Shirazi-Beechey, S. P. PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Daly, K. Articles by Shirazi-Beechey, S. P. Related Content Load related web page information Current Content July 15, 2012 Alert me to new issues of AJP - Regu Physiol About the Journal Calls for Papers Information for Authors Submit a Manuscript Ethical Policies AuthorChoice PubMed Central Policy Reprints and Permissions Advertising Press Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society Print ISSN: 0363-6119 Online ISSN: 1522-1490 var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-2924550-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {} var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-189672-30"); pageTracker._setDomainName(".physiology.org"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}
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AJP - Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology – The American Physiological Society
Published: Jul 15, 2012