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0363-6143/93 $2.00 Copyright primary component of the adaptive process to training (13, 16, 25, 26, 28, 29). As with cytochrome c also induces an increase in (23) training GLUT-4 mRNA (26, 36), providing direct evidence for pretranslational control. An increase in any given mRNA concentration may reflect an increase in synthesis, as of transcription is a principal means of controlling tissue-specific gene expression during differentiation or in response to environmental stimuli (37). In skeletal muscle, however, the ability to assess the of transcription in vivo has been limited by the inability to isolate transcriptionally active nuclei under conditions typically used for soft tissues or cultured cells. However, using slight modifications of a recently described technique (38), we have isolated transcriptionally active nuclei from rat skeletal muscle and found by nuclear run-on analysis that GLUT-4 gene expression is subject to transcriptional in a fiber-type specific manner in response to diabetes and fasting (24). Our primary intent in the present study was to apply these techniques to determine whether the training-induced increase in GLUT-4 expression may be regulated at the level of transcription of the GLUT-4 gene. Given the high energy demand of contractile activity, we reasoned that changes in
AJP - Cell Physiology – The American Physiological Society
Published: Dec 1, 1993
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