Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Jacques Wadiche, J. Arriza, S. Amara, M. Kavanaugh (1995)
Kinetics of a human glutamate transporterNeuron, 14
R. Hawkins, A. Miller, R. Nielsen, R. Veech (1973)
The acute action of ammonia on rat brain metabolism in vivo.The Biochemical journal, 134 4
Helen Chan, R. Butterworth (1999)
Evidence for an Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter Deficit in Hepatic EncephalopathyNeurochemical Research, 24
G. Lombardi, G. Mannaioni, P. Leonardi, G. Cherici, V. Carlá, F. Moroni (2006)
Ammonium acetate inhibits ionotropic receptors and differentially affects metabotropic receptors for glutamateJournal of Neural Transmission / General Section JNT, 97
Bolu Zhou, M. Norenberg (1999)
Ammonia downregulates GLAST mRNA glutamate transporter in rat astrocyte culturesNeuroscience Letters, 276
P. Marcaggi, J. Coles (2001)
Ammonium in nervous tissue: transport across cell membranes, fluxes from neurons to glial cells, and role in signallingProgress in Neurobiology, 64
D. Mort, P. Marcaggi, J. Grant, D. Attwell (2001)
Effect of acute exposure to ammonia on glutamate transport in glial cells isolated from the salamander retina.Journal of neurophysiology, 86 2
S. Eliasof, J. Arriza, B. Leighton, S. Amara, M. Kavanaugh (1998)
Localization and function of five glutamate transporters cloned from the salamander retinaVision Research, 38
R. Knegt, S. Schalm, Carin Rijt, Durk Fekkes, Eddy Dalm, Ineke Hekking-Weyma (1994)
Extracellular brain glutamate during acute liver failure and during acute hyperammonemia simulating acute liver failure: an experimental study based on in vivo brain dialysis.Journal of hepatology, 20 1
N. Danbolt (2001)
Glutamate uptakeProgress in Neurobiology, 65
T. Nagaraja, N. Brookes (1998)
Intracellular acidification induced by passive and active transport of ammonium ions in astrocytes.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 274 4
M. Norenberg, K. Rao, A. Jayakumar (2009)
Signaling factors in the mechanism of ammonia neurotoxicityMetabolic Brain Disease, 24
C. Hermenegildo, P. Monfort, V. Felipo (2000)
Activation of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptors in rat brain in vivo following acute ammonia intoxication: Characterization by in vivo brain microdialysisHepatology, 31
M. Boldt, G. Burckhardt, B. Burckhardt (2003)
NH4+ conductance in Xenopus laevis oocytes. III. Effect of NH3Pflügers Archiv, 446
C. Rose, W. Kresse, H. Kettenmann (2005)
Acute Insult of Ammonia Leads to Calcium-dependent Glutamate Release from Cultured Astrocytes, an Effect of pH*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280
P. Monfort, M. Muñoz, Amina Elayadi, E. Kosenko, V. Felipo (2002)
Effects of Hyperammonemia and Liver Failure on Glutamatergic NeurotransmissionMetabolic Brain Disease, 17
K. Shimamoto, Y. Shigeri, Y. Yasuda‐Kamatani, B. Lebrun, N. Yumoto, T. Nakajima (2000)
Syntheses of optically pure beta-hydroxyaspartate derivatives as glutamate transporter blockers.Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10 21
W. Boron, Paul Weer (1976)
Intracellular pH transients in squid giant axons caused by CO2, NH3, and metabolic inhibitorsThe Journal of General Physiology, 67
R. Søgaard, Magnus Alsterfjord, N. MacAulay, T. Zeuthen (2009)
Ammonium ion transport by the AMT/Rh homolog TaAMT1;1 is stimulated by acidic pHPflügers Archiv - European Journal of Physiology, 458
B. Billups, D. Attwell (1996)
Modulation of non-vesicular glutamate release by pHNature, 379
N. Watzke, E. Bamberg, C. Grewer (2001)
Early Intermediates in the Transport Cycle of the Neuronal Excitatory Amino Acid Carrier Eaac1The Journal of General Physiology, 117
T. Kelly, K. Kafitz, Claudia Roderigo, C. Rose (2009)
Ammonium‐evoked alterations in intracellular sodium and pH reduce glial glutamate transport activityGlia, 57
A. Michalak, Christopher Rose, J. Butterworth, R. Butterworth (1996)
Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failureHepatology, 24
W. Schmidt, G. Wolf, K. Grüngreiff, Matthias Meier, T. Reum (1990)
Hepatic encephalopathy influences high-affinity uptake of transmitter glutamate and aspartate into the hippocampal formationMetabolic Brain Disease, 5
Mitsuhiro Imasawa, K. Kashiwagi, Y. Iizuka, Mayumi Tanaka, S. Tsukahara (2005)
Different expression role among glutamate transporters in rat retinal glial cells under various culture conditions.Brain research. Molecular brain research, 142 1
Sei Sasaki, Kenichi Ishibashi, Toru Nagai, Fumiaki Marumo (1992)
Regulation mechanisms of intracellular pH of Xenopus laevis oocyte.Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1137 1
Margaret Swain, R. Butterworth, A. Blei (1992)
Ammonia and related amino acids in the pathogenesis of brain edema in acute ischemic liver failure in ratsHepatology, 15
J. Thomas, R. Buchsbaum, A. Zimniak, E. Racker (1979)
Intracellular pH measurements in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells utilizing spectroscopic probes generated in situ.Biochemistry, 18 11
C. Rose (2006)
Effect of ammonia on astrocytic glutamate uptake/release mechanismsJournal of Neurochemistry, 97
N. Allert, H. Köller, M. Siebler (1998)
Ammonia-induced depolarization of cultured rat cortical astrocytesBrain Research, 782
B. Burckhardt, G. Burckhardt (1997)
NH4+ conductance in Xenopus laevis oocytesPflügers Archiv, 434
I. Novak, Jing Wang, Katrine Henriksen, K. Haanes, Simon Krabbe, R. Nitschke, Susanne Hede (2010)
Pancreatic Bicarbonate Secretion Involves Two Proton Pumps*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 286
Hans Koch, M. Kavanaugh, Esslinger Cs, N. Zerangue, John Humphrey, Susan Amara, Chamberlin Ar, Bridges Rj (1999)
Differentiation of substrate and nonsubstrate inhibitors of the high-affinity, sodium-dependent glutamate transporters.Molecular pharmacology, 56 6
J. Hirsch, D. Loo, E. Wright (1996)
Regulation of Na+/Glucose Cotransporter Expression by Protein Kinases in Xenopus laevis Oocytes*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 271
V. Felipo, R. Butterworth (2002)
Neurobiology of ammoniaProgress in Neurobiology, 67
Helen Chan, C. Zwingmann, M. Pannunzio, R. Butterworth (2003)
Effects of ammonia on high affinity glutamate uptake and glutamate transporter EAAT3 expression in cultured rat cerebellar granule cellsNeurochemistry International, 43
Kofi Oppong, K. Bartlett, C. Record, H. Mardini (1995)
Synaptosomal glutamate transport in thioacetamide‐induced hepatic encephalopathy in the ratHepatology, 22
D. Bosman, N. Deutz, M. Maas, H. Eijk, J. Smit, J. Haan, R. Chamuleau (1992)
Amino Acid Release from Cerebral Cortex in Experimental Acute Liver Failure, Studied by In Vivo Cerebral Cortex MicrodialysisJournal of Neurochemistry, 59
V. Miralles, I. Martı́nez-López, R. Zaragozá, E. Borrás, Concha García, F. Pallardó, J. Viña (2001)
Na+ dependent glutamate transporters (EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3) in primary astrocyte cultures: effect of oxidative stressBrain Research, 922
N. Zerangue, M. Kavanaugh (1996)
Flux coupling in a neuronal glutamate transporterNature, 383
C890 EFFECTS OF AMMONIUM ON
P. Fan, J. Lavoie, Nikki Le, J. Szerb, R. Butterworth (1990)
Neurochemical and electrophysiological studies on the inhibitory effect of ammonium ions on synaptic transmission in slices of rat hippocampus: Evidence for a postsynaptic actionNeuroscience, 37
J. Arriza, W. Fairman, J. Wadiche, G. Murdoch, M. Kavanaugh, S. Amara (1994)
Functional comparisons of three glutamate transporter subtypes cloned from human motor cortex, 14
Céline Vermeiren, M. Najimi, J. Maloteaux, E. Hermans (2005)
Molecular and functional characterisation of glutamate transporters in rat cortical astrocytes exposed to a defined combination of growth factors during in vitro differentiationNeurochemistry International, 46
Helen Chan, A. Hazell, P. Desjardins, R. Butterworth (2000)
Effects of ammonia on glutamate transporter (GLAST) protein and mRNA in cultured rat cortical astrocytesNeurochemistry International, 37
S. Flament, E. Browaeys, J. Rodeau, M. Bertout, J. Vilain (1996)
Xenopus oocyte maturation: cytoplasm alkalization is involved in germinal vesicle migration.The International journal of developmental biology, 40 2
P. Kofuji, E. Newman (2004)
Potassium buffering in the central nervous systemNeuroscience, 129
K. Knecht, A. Michalak, C. Rose, Jane Rothstein, R. Butterworth (1997)
Decreased glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression in frontal cortex of rats with acute liver failureNeuroscience Letters, 229
N. Zerangue, M. Kavanaugh (1996)
Interaction of L‐cysteine with a human excitatory amino acid transporter.The Journal of Physiology, 493
A. Bender, M. Norenberg (1996)
Effects of ammonia onl-glutamate uptake in cultured astrocytesNeurochemical Research, 21
V. Rao, Ch.R.K. Murthy (1991)
Hyperammonemic alterations in the uptake and release of glutamate and aspartate by rat cerebellar preparationsNeuroscience Letters, 130
Rong Huang, G. Kala, C. Murthy, L. Hertz (1994)
Effects of chronic exposure to ammonia on glutamate and glutamine interconversion and compartmentation in homogeneous primary cultures of mouse astrocytesNeurochemical Research, 19
(2001)
Prog Neurobiol
T. Jespersen, M. Grunnet, K. Angelo, D. Klaerke, S. Olesen (2002)
Dual-function vector for protein expression in both mammalian cells and Xenopus laevis oocytes.BioTechniques, 32 3
Rebecca Seal, S. Amara (1999)
Excitatory amino acid transporters: a family in flux.Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 39
H. Brew, D. Attwell (1987)
Electrogenic glutamate uptake is a major current carrier in the membrane of axolotl retinal glial cellsNature, 327
F. Moroni, G. Lombardi, G. Moneti, C. Cortesini (1983)
The Release and Neosynthesis of Glutamic Acid Are Increased in Experimental Models of Hepatic EncephalopathyJournal of Neurochemistry, 40
M. Norenberg, Zhifeng Huo, J. Neary, Ana Roig‐Cantesano (1997)
The glial glutamate transporter in hyperammonemia and hepatic encephalopathy: Relation to energy metabolism and glutamatergic neurotransmissionGlia, 21
A. Mitrovic, S. Amara, G. Johnston, R. Vandenberg (1998)
Identification of Functional Domains of the Human Glutamate Transporters EAAT1 and EAAT2*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 273
Increased ammonium (NH 4 + /NH 3 ) in the brain is a significant factor in the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy, which involves altered glutamatergic neurotransmission. In glial cell cultures and brain slices, glutamate uptake either decreases or increases following acute ammonium exposure but the factors responsible for the opposing effects are unknown. Excitatory amino acid transporter isoforms EAAT1, EAAT2, and EAAT3 were expressed in Xenopus oocytes to study effects of ammonium exposure on their individual function. Ammonium increased EAAT1- and EAAT3-mediated ( 3 H)glutamate uptake and glutamate transport currents but had no effect on EAAT2. The maximal EAAT3-mediated glutamate transport current was increased but the apparent affinities for glutamate and Na + were unaltered. Ammonium did not affect EAAT3-mediated transient currents, indicating that EAAT3 surface expression was not enhanced. The ammonium-induced stimulation of EAAT3 increased with increasing extracellular pH, suggesting that the gaseous form NH 3 mediates the effect. An ammonium-induced intracellular alkalinization was excluded as the cause of the enhanced EAAT3 activity because 1 ) ammonium acidified the oocyte cytoplasm, 2 ) intracellular pH buffering with MOPS did not reduce the stimulation, and 3 ) ammonium enhanced pH-independent cysteine transport. Our data suggest that the ammonium-elicited uptake stimulation is not caused by intracellular alkalinization or changes in the concentrations of cotransported ions but may be due to a direct effect on EAAT1/EAAT3. We predict that EAAT isoform-specific effects of ammonium combined with cell-specific differences in EAAT isoform expression may explain the conflicting reports on ammonium-induced changes in glial glutamate uptake. hyperammonemia ammonia Xenopus laevis oocytes excitatory amino acid transporter isoforms Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society « Previous | Next Article » Table of Contents This Article Published online before print December 2011 , doi: 10.1152/ajpcell.00238.2011 Am J Physiol Cell Physiol March 2012 vol. 302 no. 6 C880-C891 » Abstract Free Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: ajpcell.00238.2011v1 302/6/C880 most recent Classifications Article Services Email this article to a friend Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Download to citation manager Citing Articles Load citing article information Citing articles via Web of Science Google Scholar Articles by Søgaard, R. Articles by MacAulay, N. PubMed PubMed citation Articles by Søgaard, R. Articles by MacAulay, N. Related Content Load related web page information Current Issue March 2012, 302 (6) Alert me to new issues of Am J Physiol Cell Physiol About the Journal Information for Authors Submit a Manuscript Ethical Policies AuthorChoice PubMed Central Policy Reprints and Permissions Advertising Press Copyright © 2012 the American Physiological Society Print ISSN: 0363-6143 Online ISSN: 1522-1563 var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); try { var pageTracker = _gat._getTracker("UA-2924550-1"); pageTracker._trackPageview(); } catch(err) {}
AJP - Cell Physiology – The American Physiological Society
Published: Mar 15, 2012
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.