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BARNES J. and KAPLINSKY R. (2000) Globalization and the death of the local firm? The automobile components sector in South Africa, Reg. Studies 34 , 797-812. As in the case of many developing countries, South African industry is facing a new competitive environment as trade barriers fall. This involves both the need to enter external markets and to cope with new entrants in the domestic market. In the case of the South African automobile assembly industry, responding to this new global environment has increasingly meant that domestic subsidiaries are being integrated into the global strategic operations of their parent companies. This is increasingly leading them to the foreign sourcing of components, in part because of perverse and unintended consequences of the Motor Industry Development Plan. Where local production of components is involved, there is decreasing space for locally-owned component suppliers and almost no space for component suppliers using local technology. South African component suppliers are thus increasingly being relegated to highly competitive niches in mature technologies in external after-markets, making them vulnerable to exchange rates. BARNES J. and KAPLINSKY R. (2000) La mondialisation et la mort de l'entreprise locale?: les équipementiers en Afrique du Sud, Reg. Studies 34 , 797-812. Comme c'est le cas dans beaucoup des pays développés, l'industrie en Afrique du Sud affronte un nouveau climat compétitif au fur et à mesure du démantèlement des barrières tarifaires. Cela implique le besoin de prendre pied sur les marchés extérieurs et de faire face aux nouveaux investisseurs étrangers qui arrivent sur le marché intérieur. De plus en plus, répondre à ce nouveau climat international veut dire pour les équipementiers en Afrique du Sud l'intégration croissante des filiales dans les activités stratégiques internationales de leur maison-mère. Petit à petit, cela a entraîné la recherche de fournisseurs étrangers pour se procurer des pièces détachées, en partie à cause des conséquences illogiques et non voulus du Plan en faveur du développement de l'indutrie automobile. Là où la production locale de pièces détachées est en jeu, il y a moins de possibilités pour les équipementiers autochtones et pas de possibilités presque pour les équipementiers qui se servent de la technologie locale. Par la suite, les équipementiers en Afrique du Sud se voient reléguer de plus en plus aux créneaux très compétitives des technologies mûres dans des marchés secondaires externes, ce qui les rend vulnérables aux taux de change. BARNES J. und KAPLINSKY R. (2000) Globalisierung und das Ende der einheimischen Firma? Der Automobilkomponentensektor in Südafrika, Reg. Studies 34 , 797-812. Wie viele Entwicklungsländer, sieht sich auch Südafrika bei der Aufhebungvon Handelsschranken einerneuen Wettbewerbslage gegenüber. Es ergibt sich sowohl die Notwendigkeit, in auswärtige Märkte einzusteigen, als es auch mit den neuen Einsteigern im einheimischen Market aufzunehmen. Im Falle der südafrikanischen Automobilmontageindustrie hat die Reaktion auf diese neue globale Lage dazu geführt, daß einheimische Tochtergesellschaften in die globalen strategischen Betriebspläne ihrer Muttergesellschaften einbezogen werden. Dies führt sie zunehmend zu ausländischen Bezugsquellen für einzelne Maschinenteile, zum Teil wegen abwegiger und unbeabsichtigter Folgen des Entwicklungsplans der Automobilindustrie. Wo es um einheimische Herstellung einzelner Maschinenteile geht, ist immer weniger Raum für in einheimischem Besitz befindliche Maschinenteillieferungen und fast gar kein Raum für auf ortsansässige Technologie gestützte. Südafrikanische Maschinenteillieferanten werden somit zunehmend in stark wettbewerbsbestimmte Situationen in voll entwickelten Technologien in ausländischen Kundendienstmärkten abgeschoben, wobei sie den jeweiligen Wechselkursen wehrlos ausgesetzt sind.
Regional Studies – Taylor & Francis
Published: Dec 1, 2000
Keywords: Globalization; Competition; Ownership; Technology; South Africa; Automotive
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