Abstract

Regional Analysis 322Myanmar 350 Thailand 382 Confl ict Reports Confl ict Summaries Philippines 390 Afghanistan 326 Pakistan 362 Regional Outlook 399 Kashmir 338 India 372 T Taliban members a aliban members att ttend a end a c cer eremon emony t y to r o raise the aise the T Taliban aliban flag in K flag in Kabul abul, 31 M , 31 Mar arch 2022 ch 2022 Overview Across the sub-regions of South, Southeast and Myanmar’s existing internal armed confl icts. Asia’s East Asia, protracted armed confl icts show litt le other internal armed confl icts have also continued sign of ending. Notably, regime changes in 2021 in unabated with no prospects for durable resolutions. Afghanistan and Myanmar impacted the trajectories India–Pakistan tensions remain acute over Kashmir, of two of the region’s most intractable armed confl icts. where violence has persisted. Moreover, inter-state ten- In August 2021, the Afghan Taliban seized sions that threaten to escalate into full-blown wars are a power in Kabul following a military victory over growing security concern in Asia, notably in relation to the NATO-backed Afghan National Defence and US–China tensions over Taiwan, as well as the persistent Security Forces (ANDSF), marking the