Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
S Wolf, WM Williamson, J Hewitt, M Rivera-Aban, S Lin, A Ball, P Scholes, GE Greening (2007)
Sensitive multiplex real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay for the detection of human and animal noroviruses in clinical and environmental samplesAppl Environ Microbiol, 73
K Mattison, A Shukla, A Cook, F Pollari, R Friendship, D Kelton, S Bidawid, JM Farber (2007)
Human noroviruses in swine and cattleEmerg Infect Dis, 13
M Koopmans (2008)
Progress in understanding norovirus epidemiologyCurr Opin Infect Dis, 21
RH Purcell, RE Engle, MP Rood, Y Kabrane-Lazizi, HT Nguyen, S Govindarajan, M St Claire, SU Emerson (2011)
Hepatitis E virus in rats, Los Angeles, California, USAEmerg Infect Dis, 17
R Johne, A Plenge-Bonig, M Hess, RG Ulrich, J Reetz, A Schielke (2010)
Detection of a novel hepatitis E-like virus in faeces of wild rats using a nested broad-spectrum RT-PCRJ Gen Virol, 91
JB Lack, K Volk, RA Bussche (2012)
Hepatitis E virus genotype 3 in wild rats, United StatesEmerg Infect Dis, 18
S Wolf, J Reetz, K Hoffmann, A Grundel, BA Schwarz, I Hanel, PH Otto (2012)
Discovery and genetic characterization of novel caliciviruses in German and Dutch poultryArch Virol, 157
H Tse, WM Chan, CS Lam, SK Lau, PC Woo, KY Yuen (2012)
Complete genome sequences of novel rat noroviruses in Hong KongJ Virol, 86
R Johne, G Heckel, A Plenge-Bonig, E Kindler, C Maresch, J Reetz, A Schielke, RG Ulrich (2010)
Novel hepatitis E virus genotype in Norway rats, GermanyEmerg Infect Dis, 16
P Dremsek, JJ Wenzel, R Johne, M Ziller, J Hofmann, MH Groschup, S Werdermann, U Mohn, S Dorn, M Motz (2012)
Seroprevalence study in forestry workers from eastern Germany using novel genotype 3- and rat hepatitis E virus-specific immunoglobulin G ELISAsMed Microbio Immunol, 201
TC Li, K Yoshimatsu, SP Yasuda, J Arikawa, T Koma, M Kataoka, Y Ami, Y Suzaki, TQ Mai, NT Hoa (2011)
Characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of rat hepatitis E virus generated by recombinant baculovirusesJ Gen Virol, 92
R Johne, P Dremsek, E Kindler, A Schielke, A Plenge-Bonig, H Gregersen, U Wessels, K Schmidt, W Rietschel, MH Groschup (2012)
Rat hepatitis E virus: geographical clustering within Germany and serological detection in wild Norway rats ( Rattus norvegicus )Infect Genet Evolut J Mol Epidemiol Evolut Genet Infect Dis, 12
BG Meerburg, A Kijlstra (2007)
Role of rodents in transmission of Salmonella and CampylobacterJ Sci Food Agric, 87
N Tsunesumi, G Sato, M Iwasa, H Kabeya, S Maruyama, Y Tohya (2012)
Novel murine norovirus-like genes in wild rodents in JapanJ Vet Med Sci Jpn Soc Vet Sci, 74
S Cheetham, M Souza, T Meulia, S Grimes, MG Han, LJ Saif (2006)
Pathogenesis of a genogroup II human norovirus in gnotobiotic pigsJ Virol, 80
M Souza, MS Azevedo, K Jung, S Cheetham, LJ Saif (2008)
Pathogenesis and immune responses in gnotobiotic calves after infection with the genogroup II.4-HS66 strain of human norovirusJ Virol, 82
LH Krojgaard, S Villumsen, MD Markussen, JS Jensen, H Leirs, AC Heiberg (2009)
High prevalence of Leptospira spp. in sewer rats ( Rattus norvegicus )Epidemiol Infect, 137
M Hoehne, E Schreier (2006)
Detection of Norovirus genogroup I and II by multiplex real-time RT-PCR using a 3′-minor groove binder-DNA probeBMC Infect Dis, 6
Wild rats can be reservoirs and vectors for several human pathogens. An initial RT-PCR screening of the intestinal contents of Norway rats trapped in the sewer system of Copenhagen, Denmark, for caliciviruses revealed the presence of a human norovirus in one of 11 rodents. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of the ~4.0-kb 3′-terminus of the norovirus genome resulted in the identification of a recombinant GI.b/GI.6 strain. The simultaneous detection of hepatitis E virus-like particles in the feces of this rat by transmission electron microscopy was confirmed by RT-PCR and sequence determination, resulting in the identification of a novel rat hepatitis E virus.
Archives of Virology – Springer Journals
Published: Jul 1, 2013
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.