Get 20M+ Full-Text Papers For Less Than $1.50/day. Start a 14-Day Trial for You or Your Team.

Learn More →

The Moderating Effects of Rumination Facets on the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Distress Reduction

The Moderating Effects of Rumination Facets on the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Distress... Mindfulness-based interventions have many applications, including as a productive alternative to repetitive thoughts. Rumination includes two factors: brooding (moody, maladaptive thinking) and reflection (adaptive attempt to overcome problems). Literature suggests mindfulness interventions reduce ruminative thoughts, but technique effectiveness requires examination. Our study assessed whether mindfulness techniques differ with respect to distress reduction in the context of brooding versus reflective styles. Students (N = 228) completed questionnaires, negative mood manipulation, and a one-session mindfulness training that required either focused attention or open monitoring. Induced distress was reduced in both conditions, but brooding moderated the relationship between condition and distress reduction. Reflection was not a moderator. The findings support the idea that even a modest dose of mindfulness exercise aids in reducing induced negative emotions. Focused mindfulness may be more beneficial for reducing distress in individuals who report high levels of brooding, whereas either technique may reduce distress in individuals who reflect. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Cognitive Therapy and Research Springer Journals

The Moderating Effects of Rumination Facets on the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Distress Reduction

Download PDF
11 pages

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer_journal/the-moderating-effects-of-rumination-facets-on-the-relationship-e6WEOenko4
Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
Subject
Medicine & Public Health; Quality of Life Research; Clinical Psychology; Cognitive Psychology
ISSN
0147-5916
eISSN
1573-2819
DOI
10.1007/s10608-018-9896-7
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Mindfulness-based interventions have many applications, including as a productive alternative to repetitive thoughts. Rumination includes two factors: brooding (moody, maladaptive thinking) and reflection (adaptive attempt to overcome problems). Literature suggests mindfulness interventions reduce ruminative thoughts, but technique effectiveness requires examination. Our study assessed whether mindfulness techniques differ with respect to distress reduction in the context of brooding versus reflective styles. Students (N = 228) completed questionnaires, negative mood manipulation, and a one-session mindfulness training that required either focused attention or open monitoring. Induced distress was reduced in both conditions, but brooding moderated the relationship between condition and distress reduction. Reflection was not a moderator. The findings support the idea that even a modest dose of mindfulness exercise aids in reducing induced negative emotions. Focused mindfulness may be more beneficial for reducing distress in individuals who report high levels of brooding, whereas either technique may reduce distress in individuals who reflect.

Journal

Cognitive Therapy and Research – Springer Journals

Published: Feb 20, 2018

References

  • Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions
    Aiken, LS; West, SG
  • The effect of focused attention and open-mindfulness meditation on attention network function in healthy volunteers
    Ainsworth, B; Eddershaw, R; Meron, D; Baldwin, DS; Garner, M
  • On the relation between mindfulness and depressive symptoms: Rumination as a possible mediator
    Alleva, J; Roelofs, J; Voncken, M; Meevissen, Y; Alberts, H
  • Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention: A conceptual and empirical review
    Baer, RA
  • Self-focused attention and mechanisms of change in mindfulness-based treatment
    Baer, RA
  • Mindfulness: A proposed operational definition
    Bishop, SR; Lau, M; Shapiro, S; Carlson, L; Anderson, N; Carmody, J; Devins, G
  • Mindfulness and coping with dysphoric mood: Contrasts with rumination and distraction
    Broderick, PC
  • A model for the levels of concentrative meditation
    Brown, DP
  • Perils and promise in defining and measuring mindfulness: Observations from experience
    Brown, KW; Ryan, RM
  • The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being
    Brown, KW; Ryan, RMT
  • Relationships between mindfulness practice and levels of mindfulness, medical and psychological symptoms and well-being in a mindfulness-based stress reduction program
    Carmody, J; Baer, RA
  • Does mindfulness training improve cognitive abilities? A systematic review of neuropsychological findings
    Chiesa, A; Calati, R; Serretti, A
  • Does mood state change risk taking tendency in older adults?
    Chou, K-L; Lee, TMC; Ho, AHY
  • Self-directed thought and response to treatment for depression: A preliminary investigation
    Ciesla, JA; Roberts, JE
  • A prospective study of brooding and reflection as moderators of the relationship between stress and depressive symptoms in adolescence
    Cox, S; Funasaki, K; Smith, L; Mezulis, AH
  • Rumination and attention in major depression
    Donaldson, C; Lam, D; Mathews, A
  • Sustained experience of emotion after loss of memory in patients with amnesia
    Feinstein, JS; Duff, MC; Tranel, D
  • Valence lasts longer than arousal: Persistence of induced moods as assessed by psychophysiological measures
    Gomez, P; Zimmermann, PG; Schar, SG; Danuser, B
  • Mood induction research: Its implications for clinical depression
    Goodwin, AM; Williams, JMG
  • Feelings without memory in Alzheimer Disease
    Guzman-Velez, E; Feinstein, JS; Tranel, D
  • Mindfulness practice, rumination and clinical outcome in mindfulness-based treatment
    Hawley, LL; Schwartz, D; Bieling, PJ; Irving, J; Corcoran, K; Farb, NS; Segal, ZV
  • Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis
    Hayes, AF
  • Acceptance and commitment therapy: An experiential approach to behavior change
    Hayes, SC; Strosahl, KD; Wilson, KG
  • The effects of mindfulness on executive processes and autobiographical memory specificity
    Heeren, A; Broeck, N; Philippot, P
  • Attentional processes and meditation
    Hodgins, HS; Adair, KC
  • The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review
    Hofmann, SG; Sawyer, AT; Witt, AA; Oh, D
  • Rumination, distraction, and mindful self-focus in depressed patients
    Huffziger, S; Kuehner, C
  • Rumination-focused cognitive behavior therapy vs. cognitive behavior therapy for depression: study protocol for a randomized controlled superiority trial
    Hvengaard, M; Watkins, ER; Poulson, S; Rosenberg, NK; Gondan, M; Grafton, B; Moeller, S
  • A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness meditation versus relaxation training: Effects of distress, positive states of mind, rumination, and distraction
    Jain, S; Shapiro, SL; Swanick, S; Roesch, SC; Mills, PJ; Bell, I; Schwartz, GER
  • Inducing changes in arousal and valence: Comparison of two mood induction procedures
    Jallais, C; Gilet, AL
  • Adaptive and maladaptive components of rumination? Diagnostic specificity and relation to depressive biases
    Joorman, J; Dkane, M; Gotlib, IH
  • Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future
    Kabat-Zinn, J
  • The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain
    Kabat-Zinn, J; Lipworth, L; Burney, R
  • Emotional development across adulthood: Differential age-related emotional reactivity and emotion regulation in a negative mood induction procedure
    Kliegel, M; Jäger, T; Phillips, LH
  • The Toronto mindfulness scale: Development and validation
    Lau, MA; Bishop, SR; Segal, ZV; Buis, T; Anderson, ND; Carlson, L; Devins, G
  • Focused attention, open monitoring, and loving kindness meditation: effects on attention, conflict monitoring, and creativity: A review
    Lippelt, DP; Hommel, B; Colzato, LS
  • Attention regulation and monitoring in meditation
    Lutz, A; Slagter, HA; Dunne, JD; Davidson, RJ
  • Psychological functioning in a sample of long-term practitioners of mindfulness mediation
    Lykins, ELB; Baer, RA
  • On the induction of mood
    Martin, M
  • Rumination as a mechanism linking stressful life events to symptoms of depression and anxiety: Longitudinal evidence in early adolescents and adults
    Michl, LC; McLaughlin, KA; Shepherd, K; Nolen-Hoeksema, S
  • Brooding and reflection: Rumination predicts suicidal ideation at 1-year follow-up in a community sample
    Miranda, R; Nolen-Hoeksema, S
  • Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes
    Nolen-Hoeksema, S
  • The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms
    Nolen-Hoeksema, S
  • Rethinking rumination
    Nolen-Hoeksema, S; Wisco, BL; Lyubomirsky, S
  • Age effects on gray matter volume and attentional performance in Zen meditation
    Pagnoni, G; Cekic, M
  • Multiple regression in behavioral research: Explanation and prediction
    Pedhauzer, EJ
  • Mindfulness facets distinctively predict depressive symptoms after two years: the mediating role of rumination
    Petrocchi, N; Ottaviani, C
  • Rumination and worry as mediators of the relationship between self-compassion and depression and anxiety
    Raes, F
  • The effects of mindfulness meditation on cognitive processes and affect in patients with past depression
    Ramel, W; Goldin, PR; Carmona, PE; McQuaid, JR
  • Rumination and worrying as possible mediators in the relation between neuroticism and symptoms of depression and anxiety in clinically depressed individuals
    Roelofs, J; Huibers, M; Peeters, F; Arntz, A; Os, J
  • On the measurement of rumination: A psychometric evaluation of the ruminative response scale and the rumination on sadness scale in undergraduates
    Roelofs, J; Muris, P; Huibers, M; Peeters, F; Arntz, A
  • Response styles among patients with minor depression and dysthymia in primary care
    Schmaling, KB; Dimidjian, S; Katon, W; Sullivan, M
  • Brooding and reflection as subtypes of rumination: Evidence from confirmatory factor analysis in nonclinical samples using the Dutch ruminative response scale
    Schoofs, H; Hermans, D; Raes, F
  • The relative importance of rumination, experiential avoidance and mindfulness as predictors of depressive symptoms
    Schut, DM; Bolen, PA
  • Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression: A new approach to preventing relapse
    Segal, Z; Williams, M; Teasdale, J
  • Pupillary assessment and computational modeling of the Stroop task in depression
    Siegle, GJ; Steinhauer, SR; Thase, ME
  • An experimental investigation of the cognitive vulnerability to depression
    Singer, AR; Dobson, KS
  • Rumination as a common mechanism relating depressive risk factors to depression
    Spasojevic, J; Alloy, LB
  • How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness) training help?
    Teasdale, JD; Segal, Z; Williams, JMG
  • Relationship between obsessive beliefs and obsessive-compulsive symptoms
    Tolin, DF; Woods, CM; Abramowitz, JS
  • Rumination reconsidered: A psychometric analysis
    Treynor, W; Gonzalez, R; Nolen-Hoeksema, S
  • Meditation and attention: A comparison of the effects of concentrative versus mindfulness meditation on sustained attention
    Valentine, ER; Sweet, PLG
  • Brief instruction in mindfulness and relaxation reduce rumination differently for men and women
    Villa, CD; Hilt, LM
  • Adaptive and maladaptive ruminative self-focus during emotional processing
    Watkins, ER
  • Constructive and unconstructive repetitive thought
    Watkins, ER
  • Rumination-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression
    Watkins, ER
  • Distinct modes of ruminative self-focus: Impact of abstract versus concrete rumination on problem solving in depression
    Watkins, ER; Moulds, M
  • Rumination-focused cognitive-behavioural therapy for residual depression: Phase II randomised controlled trial
    Watkins, ER; Mullan, E; Wingrove, J; Rimes, K; Steiner, H; Bathurst, N; Scott, J
  • Rumination-focused cognitive behaviour therapy for residual depression: A case series
    Watkins, ER; Scott, J; Wingrove, J; Rimes, K; Bathurst, N; Steiner, H; Malliaris, Y
  • Adaptive and maladaptive self-focus in depression
    Watkins, ER; Teasdale, JD
  • Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales
    Watson, D; Clark, LA; Tellegen, A
  • Relative effectiveness and validity of mood induction procedures: A meta analysis
    Westermann, R; Spies, K; Stahl, G; Hesse, F
  • Mindfulness, depression and modes of mind
    Williams, JMG
  • The mindful way through depression: freeing yourself from chronic depression
    Williams, JMG; Teasdale, JD; Segal, ZV; Kabat-Zinn, J