Loading next page...
/lp/springer_journal/the-impact-of-the-afternoon-planetary-boundary-layer-height-on-the-vcaqx0000v
- Publisher
- Springer Journals
- Copyright
- Copyright © 2018 by Springer Science+Business Media B.V., part of Springer Nature
- Subject
- Earth Sciences; Atmospheric Sciences; Meteorology; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
- ISSN
- 0006-8314
- eISSN
- 1573-1472
- D.O.I.
- 10.1007/s10546-018-0343-9
- Publisher site
- See Article on Publisher Site
Abstract
Mountaintop trace-gas mixing ratios are often assumed to represent free atmospheric values, but are affected by valley planetary boundary-layer (PBL) air at certain times. We hypothesize that the afternoon valley–PBL height relative to the ridgetop is important in the diurnal cycle of mountaintop trace-gas mixing ratios. To investigate this, we use, (1) 4-years (1 January 2009–31 December 2012) of CO and $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ CO 2 mixing-ratio measurements and supporting meteorological observations from Pinnacles ( $$38.61^{\circ }\hbox {N}$$ 38 . 61 ∘ N , $$78.35^{\circ }\hbox {W}$$ 78 . 35 ∘ W , 1017 m a.s.l.), which is a monitoring site in the Appalachian Mountains, (2) regional $$\hbox {O}_{3}$$ O 3 mixing-ratio measurements, and (3) PBL heights determined from a nearby sounding station. Results reveal that the amplitudes of the diurnal cycles of CO and $$\hbox {CO}_{2}$$ CO 2 mixing ratios vary as a function of the daytime maximum valley–PBL height relative to the ridgetop. The mean diurnal cycle for the subset of days when the afternoon valley–PBL height is at least 400 m below the ridgetop shows a daytime CO mixing-ratio increase, implying the transport of PBL air from the valley to the mountaintop. During the daytime, on days when the PBL heights exceed the mountaintop, PBL dilution and entrainment cause CO mixing ratios to decrease. This decrease in CO mixing ratio, especially on days when PBL heights are at least 400 m above the ridgetop, suggests that measurements from these days can be used as with afternoon measurements from flat terrain in applications requiring regionally-representative measurements.
Journal
Boundary-Layer Meteorology – Springer Journals
Published: Feb 27, 2018
Recommended Articles
Loading...
References
-
$$\text{CO}_{2}$$ CO 2 , CO, and $$\text{ CH }_{4}$$ CH 4 measurements from tall towers in the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory’s Global Greenhouse Gas Reference Network: instrumentation, uncertainty analysis, and recommendations for future high-accuracy greenhouse gas monitoring effortsAndrews, AE; Kofler, JD; Trudeau, ME; Williams, JC; Neff, DH; Masarie, KA; Chao, DY; Kitzis, DR; Novelli, PC; Zhao, CL; Dlugokencky, EJ; Lang, PM; Crotwell, MJ; Fischer, ML; Parker, MJ; Lee, JT; Baumann, DD; Desai, AR; Stanier, CO; Wekker, SFJ; Wolf, DE; Munger, JW; Tans, PP
-
The Mauna Loa Observatory photochemistry experiment: introductionAtlas, EL; Ridley, BA
-
Aerosol climatology at the high-alpine site Jungfraujoch, SwitzerlandBaltensperger, U; Gäggeler, HW; Jost, DT; Lugauer, M; Schwikowski, M; Weingartner, E
-
Estimation of background concentrations of trace-gases at the Swiss alpine site Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl)Balzani Lööv, JM; Henne, S; Legreid, G; Staehelin, J; Reimann, S; Prévôt, ASH; Steinbacher, M; Vollmer, MK
-
Measurements of greenhouse gases at Beromünster tall-tower station in SwitzerlandBerhanu, TA; Satar, E; Schanda, R; Nyfeler, P; Moret, H; Brunner, D; Oney, B; Leuenberger, M
-
The influence of locally induced wind systems on the effectiveness of nocturnal dry deposition of ozoneBroder, B; Gygax, HA
-
Assessing filtering of mountaintop $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 mole fractions for application to inverse models of biosphere–atmosphere carbon exchangeBrooks, BJ; Desai, AR; Stephens, BB; Bowling, DR; Burns, SP; Watt, AS; Heck, SL; Sweeney, C
-
A review of more than 20 years of aerosol observation at the high altitude Research station Jungfraujoch, Switzerland (3580 m asl)Bukowiecki, N; Weingartner, E; Gysel, M; Collaud Coen, M; Zieger, P; Herrmann, E; Steinbacher, M; Gäggeler, HW; Baltensperger, U
-
Temporal variations of atmospheric $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 and CO at Ahmedabad in western IndiaChandra, N; Lal, S; Venkataramani, S; Patra, PK; Sheel, V
-
Influence of biomass burning and anthropogenic emissions on ozone, carbon monoxide and black carbon at the Mt. Cimone GAW-WMO global station (Italy, 2165 m asl)Cristofanelli, P; Fierli, F; Marinoni, A; Calzolari, F; Duchi, R; Burkhart, J; Stohl, A; Maione, M; Arduini, J; Bonasoni, P
-
Meteorological research needs for improved air quality forecasting: report of the 11th prospectus development team of the U.S. Weather Research ProgramDabberdt, WF; Carroll, MA; Baumgardner, D; Carmichael, G; Cohen, R; Dye, T; Ellis, J; Grell, G; Grimmond, S; Hanna, S; Irwin, J; Lamb, B; Madronich, S; McQueen, J; Meagher, J; Odman, T; Pleim, J; Schmid, HP; Westphal, DL
-
Convective boundary layer heights over mountainous terrain—a review of conceptsWekker, SFJ; Kossmann, M
-
A preliminary investigation of boundary layer effects on daytime atmospheric $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 concentrations at a mountaintop location in the Rocky MountainsWekker, SFJ; Ameen, A; Song, G; Stephens, BB; Hallar, AG; McCubbin, IB
-
Variability of trace-gases in the atmospheric boundary layer from observations in the city of MoscowElanksy, NF; Lokoshchenko, MA; Belikov, IB; Skorokhod, AI; Shumskii, RA
-
Variability of trace-gases at the high-Alpine site Jungfraujoch caused by meteorological transport processesForrer, J; Rüttiman, R; Schneiter, D; Fischer, A; Buchmann, B; Hofer, P
-
Observational study of ozone and carbon monoxide at the summit of mount Tai (1534 m asl) in central-eastern ChinaGao, J; Wang, T; Ding, A; Liu, C
-
Seasonal variations of $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 and water vapour exchange rates over a temperate deciduous forestGreco, S; Baldocchi, DD
-
Mount Kenya Global Atmospheric Watch Station (MKN): installation and meteorological characterizationHenne, S; Junkermann, W; Kariuki, JM; Aseyo, J; Klausen, J
-
Representativeness and climatology of carbon monoxide and ozone at the global GAW station Mt. Kenya in equatorial AfricaHenne, S; Klausen, J; Junkermann, W; Kariuki, JM; Aseyo, JO; Buchmann, B
-
A respiratory alert model for the Shenandoah Valley, Virginia, USAHondula, DM; Davis, RE; Knight, DB; Sitka, LJ; Enfield, K; Gawtry, SB; Stenger, PJ; Deaton, ML; Normile, CP; Lee, TR
-
Atmospheric carbon-dioxide variations at Mauna-Loa Observatory, HawaiiKeeling, CD; Bacastow, RB; Bainbridge, AE; Ekdahl, CA; Guenther, PR; Waterman, LS; Chin, JFS
-
Evaluation of the boundary layer dynamics of the TM5 model over EuropeKoffi, EN; Bergamaschi, P; Karstens, U; Krol, M; Segers, A; Schmidt, M; Levin, I; Vermeulen, AT; Fisher, RE; Kazan, V; Klein Baltink, H; Lowry, D; Manca, G; Meijer, HAJ; Moncrieff, J; Pal, S; Ramonet, M; Scheeren, HA
-
Estimating daytime planetary boundary layer heights over a valley from rawinsonde observations at a nearby airport: an application to the Page Valley in Virginia, USALee, TR; Wekker, SFJ
-
On the potential of 25 years (1991–2015) of rawinsonde measurements for elucidating climatological and spatiotemporal patterns of afternoon boundary layer depths over the contiguous USLee, TR; Pal, S
-
Carbon dioxide variability during cold front passages and fair weather days at a forested mountaintop siteLee, TR; Wekker, SFJ; Andrews, AE; Kofler, J; Williams, J
-
Downscaling maximum temperature projections to subkilometer resolutions in the Shenandoah National Park of Virginia, USALee, TR; Wekker, SFJ; Wofford, JEB
-
Meteorological controls on the diurnal variability of carbon monoxide mixing-ratio at a mountaintop monitoring site in the Appalachian MountainsLee, TR; Wekker, SFJ; Pal, S; Andrews, AE; Kofler, J
-
Observations of ozone and carbon monoxide at Mei-Feng mountain site (2269 m asl) in Central Taiwan: seasonal variations and influence of Asian continental outflowLin, YC; Lin, CY; Lin, PH; Engling, G; Lan, Y; Kuo, T; Hsu, WT; Ting, C
-
How can mountaintop $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 observations be used to constrain regional carbon fluxes?Lin, JC; Mallia, DV; Wu, D; Stephens, BB
-
Aerosol transport to the high Alpine sites Jungfraujoch (3454 m asl) and Colle Gnifetti (4452 m asl)Lugauer, M; Baltensperger, U; Furger, M; Gäggeler, HW; Jost, DT
-
Interannual variability of ozone and carbon monoxide at the Whistler high elevation site: 2002–2006MacDonald, AM; Anlauf, KG; Leaitch, WR; Chan, E; Tarasick, DW
-
The impact of free convection on late morning ozone decreases on an Alpine foreland mountain summitMayer, J-C; Staudt, K; Gilge, S; Meixner, FX; Foken, T
-
Carbon dioxide in the free troposphere and boundary layer at the Mt. Bachelor ObservatoryMcClure, CD; Jaffe, DA; Gao, H
-
Tropospheric layering of ozone in regions of urbanized complex and/or coastal terrain: a reviewMcKendry, IG; Lundgren, J
-
North American regional reanalysisMesinger, F; DiMego, G; Kalnay, E; Mitchell, K; Sharfran, PC; Ebisuzaki, WE; Jović, D; Woollen, J; Rogers, E; Berbery, EH; Ek, MB; Fan, Y; Grumbine, R; Higgins, W; Li, H; Lin, Y; Manikin, G; Parrish, D; Shi, W
-
Six-year record of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane at a high-altitude mountain site in PolandNecki, J; Schmidt, M; Rozanski, K; Zimnoch, M; Korus, A; Lasa, J; Graul, R; Levin, I
-
On the relation between ozone storage in the residual layer and daily variation in near-surface ozone concentration—a case studyNeu, U; Künzle, T; Wanner, H
-
Distributions and recent changes of carbon monoxide in the lower troposphereNovelli, PC; Masarie, KA; Lang, PM
-
Measurements of atmospheric mercury at Storm Peak Laboratory in the Rocky Mountains: evidence for long-range transport from Asia, boundary layer contributions, and plant mercury uptakeObrist, D; Hallar, AG; McCubbin, I; Stephens, BB; Rahn, T
-
Characteristics of atmospheric carbon monoxide at a high-mountain background station in East AsiaOu-Yang, C; Lin, N; Sheu, G; Lee, C; Wang, J
-
Monitoring depth of shallow atmospheric boundary layer to complement LiDAR measurements affected by partial overlapPal, S
-
Impact of atmospheric boundary layer depth variability and wind reversal on the diurnal variability of aerosol concentration at a valley sitePal, S; Lee, TR; Phelps, S; Wekker, SFJ
-
Investigation of the atmospheric boundary layer depth variability and its impact on the $$^{222}$$ 222 Rn concentration at a rural site in FrancePal, S; Lopez, M; Schmidt, M; Ramonet, M; Gibert, F; Xueref-Remy, I; Ciais, P
-
Spatial variability of the atmospheric boundary layer heights over a low mountain region: cases from MATERHORN-2012 field experimentPal, S; Wekker, SFJ; Emmitt, GD
-
Combined impact of boundary layer height and near-surface meteorological conditions on the CO diurnal cycle at a low mountaintop site: Case studies using simultaneous lidar and in-situ observationsPal, S; Lee, TR; Wekker, SFJ
-
An atmospheric perspective on North American carbon dioxide exchange: CarbonTrackerPeters, W; Jacobson, AR; Sweeney, C; Andrews, AE; Conway, TJ; Masarie, K; Miller, JB; Bruhwiler, LMP; Pétron, G; Hirsch, AI; Worthy, DEJ; Werf, GR; Randerson, JT; Wennberg, PO; Krol, MC; Tans, PP
-
Seven years of recent European net terrestrial carbon dioxide exchange constrained by atmospheric observationsPeters, W; Krol, MC; Werf, GR; Houweling, S; Jones, CD; Hughes, J; Schaefer, K; Masarie, KA; Jacobson, AR; Miller, JB; Cho, CH; Ramonet, M; Schmidt, M; Ciattaglia, L; Apadula, F; Heltai, D; Meinhardt, F; Sarra, AG; Piacentino, S; Sferlazzo, D; Aalto, T; Hatakka, J; Ström, J; Haszpra, L; Meijer, HAJ; Laan, S; Neubert, REM; Jordan, A; Rodo, X; Morguí, J; Vermeulen, AT; Popa, E; Rozanski, K; Zimnoch, M; Manning, AC; Leuenberger, M; Uglietti, C; Dolman, AJ; Ciais, P; Heimann, M; Tans, PP
-
High-resolution simulations of atmospheric $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 over complex terrain representing the Ochsenkopf mountain tall towerPillai, D; Gerbig, C; Ahmadov, R; Rodenbeck, C; Kretschmer, R; Koch, T; Thompson, R; Neininger, B; Lavrie, JV
-
Carbon monoxide, regional-scale transport, and biomass burning in tropical continental Southeast Asia: observations in rural ThailandPochanart, P; Akimoto, H; Kajii, Y; Sukasem, P
-
Measurements of greenhouse gases and related tracers at Bialystok tall tower station in PolandPopa, ME; Gloor, M; Manning, AC; Jordan, A; Schultz, U; Haensel, F; Seifert, T; Heimann, M
-
Nocturnal secondary ozone concentration maxima analyzed by sodar observations and surface measurementsReitebuch, O; Strassburger, A; Emeis, S; Kuttler, W
-
On the boundary-layer structure over highly complex terrain: key findings from MAPRotach, MW; Zardi, D
-
Carbon dioxide and methane in continental Europe: a climatology, and $$^{222}$$ 222 Radon-based emission estimatesSchmidt, M; Graul, R; Sartorius, H; Levin, I
-
High-precision quasi-continuous atmospheric greenhouse gas measurements at Trainou tower (Orléans forest, France)Schmidt, M; Lopez, M; Kwok, CY; Messager, C; Ramonet, M; Wastine, B; Vuillemin, C; Truong, F; Gal, B; Parmentier, E; Cloué, O; Ciais, P
-
Influence of meteorology and interrelationship with greenhouse gases ( $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 and $$\text{ CH }_{4}$$ CH 4 ) at a suburban site of IndiaSreenivas, S; Mahesh, P; Subin, J; Kanchana, AL; Rao, PVN; Dadhwal, VK
-
Mountain weather research and forecasting. Recent progress and current challengesSteyn, DG; Wekker, SFJ; Kossmann, M; Martilli, A
-
An introduction to boundary layer meteorologyStull, RB
-
Quantifying the contribution of thermally driven recirculation to a high-ozone event along the Colorado Front Range using lidarSullivan, JT; McGee, TJ; Langford, AO; Alvarez, RJ; Senff, CJ; Reddy, PJ; Thompson, AM; Twigg, LW; Sumnicht, GK; Lee, P; Weinheimer, A; Knote, C; Long, RW; Hoff, RM
-
$$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2 transport over complex terrainSun, J; Burns, SP; Delany, AC; Oncley, SP; Turnipseed, AA; Stephens, BB; Lenschow, DH; LeMone, MA; Monson, RK; Anderson, DE
-
The oxidizing capacity of the earth’s atmosphere: probable past and future changesThompson, AM
-
Atmospheric carbon dioxide at Mauna Loa Observatory. 2: Analysis of the NOAA/GMCC data, 1974–1985Thoning, KW; Tans, PP; Komhyr, WD
-
Regional carbon fluxes and the effect of topography on the variability of atmospheric $$\text{ CO }_{2}$$ CO 2Molen, MK; Dolman, AJ
-
Evaluation and model impacts of alternative boundary-layer height formulationsVogelezang, DHP; Holtslag, AAM
-
Transport of trace-gases from the Upper Rhine valley to a mountain site in the northern Black ForestVögtlin, RM; Kossmann, M; Güsten, H; Heinrich, G; Fiedler, F; Corsmeier, U; Kalthoff, N
-
Observations of Asian air pollution in the free troposphere at Mount Bachelor Observatory during the spring of 2004Weiss-Penzias, P; Jaffe, DA; Swartzendruber, P; Dennison, JB; Chand, D; Hafner, W; Prestbo, E
-
Wintertime evolution of the temperature inversion in the Colorado Plateau BasinWhiteman, CD; Bian, X; Zhong, S
-
Surface ozone in rural, urban and alpine regions of SwitzerlandWunderli, S; Gehrig, R
-
Mountain weather research and forecasting. Recent progress and current challengesZardi, D; Whiteman, CD
-
A model investigation of summertime diurnal ozone behavior in rural mountainous locationsZaveri, RA; Saylor, RD; Peters, LK; McNider, R; Song, A
-
Partitioning of reactive nitrogen $$(\text{ NO }_{{\rm y}})$$ ( NO y ) and dependence on meteorological conditions in the lower free troposphereZellwegger, C; Forrer, J; Hofer, P; Nyeki, S; Schwarzenbach, B; Weingartner, E; Ammann, M; Baltensperger, U
-
Black carbon aerosols at Mt. Muztagh Ata, a high-altitude location in the Western Tibetan PlateauZhu, CS; Cao, JJ; Xu, BQ; Huang, RJ; Wang, P; Ho, KF; Shen, ZX; Liu, SX; Han, YM; Tie, XX; Zhao, ZZ; Chen, LWA
@Phil_Robichaud
@deepthiw
@JoseServera