Roles of Sugars in Controlling Flowering Time

Roles of Sugars in Controlling Flowering Time Flowering time is influenced by environmental factors such as photosynthesis, temperature, nutrition, and water. The main products of photosynthesis are sugars that are mobilized to sink tissues to support plant growth and differentiation. They also function as signals to control various types of metabolism and developmental processes. One of the most important transitions in the plant life cycle is from the vegetative to reproductive phase. During that transition, sucrose levels rise rapidly but transiently in the phloem and shoot apexes. For several species, the addition of exogenous sucrose promotes flowering, possibly by acting as a main signal. Although other sugars, including glucose, also appear to be involved in this transition, evidence for their roles in flowering is limited. In Arabidopsis thaliana, trehalose-6-phosphate serves as a signal to induce flowering. However, its roles in other plants have not been reported. Sucrose seems to function primarily in the leaf phloem to enhance the generation of florigens such as Flowering Locus T (FT) while trehalose-6-phosphate functions in the shoot apical meristem to promote the flowering signal pathway downstream of those florigens. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png Journal of Plant Biology Springer Journals

Roles of Sugars in Controlling Flowering Time

Download PDF
10 pages
Read Article

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer_journal/roles-of-sugars-in-controlling-flowering-time-zno2ZCH3WS
Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by Korean Society of Plant Biologists and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature
Subject
Life Sciences; Plant Sciences; Plant Breeding/Biotechnology; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography; Plant Ecology
ISSN
1226-9239
eISSN
1867-0725
DOI
10.1007/s12374-018-0081-z
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

Flowering time is influenced by environmental factors such as photosynthesis, temperature, nutrition, and water. The main products of photosynthesis are sugars that are mobilized to sink tissues to support plant growth and differentiation. They also function as signals to control various types of metabolism and developmental processes. One of the most important transitions in the plant life cycle is from the vegetative to reproductive phase. During that transition, sucrose levels rise rapidly but transiently in the phloem and shoot apexes. For several species, the addition of exogenous sucrose promotes flowering, possibly by acting as a main signal. Although other sugars, including glucose, also appear to be involved in this transition, evidence for their roles in flowering is limited. In Arabidopsis thaliana, trehalose-6-phosphate serves as a signal to induce flowering. However, its roles in other plants have not been reported. Sucrose seems to function primarily in the leaf phloem to enhance the generation of florigens such as Flowering Locus T (FT) while trehalose-6-phosphate functions in the shoot apical meristem to promote the flowering signal pathway downstream of those florigens.

Journal

Journal of Plant Biology – Springer Journals

Published: Jun 2, 2018

References

  • Identification and functional expression of the Arabidopsis thaliana vacuolar glucose transporter 1 and its role in seed germination and flowering
    Aluri, S; Buttner, M
  • The sucrose transporter gene family in rice
    Aoki, N; Hirose, T; Scofield, GN; Whitfeld, PR; Furbank, RT
  • Physiological signals that induce flowering
    Bernier, G; Havelange, A; Houssa, C; Petitjean, A; Lejeune, P
  • The H1-sucrose cotransporter NtSUT1 is essential for sugar export from tobacco leaves
    Burkle, L; Hibberd, JM; Quick, WP; Kuhn, C; Hirner, B; Frommer, WB
  • Phylogeny as a guide to structure and function of membrane transport proteins
    Chang, AB; Lin, R; Studley, WK; Tran, CV; Saier, MH
  • Sucrose efflux mediated by SWEET proteins as a key step for phloem transport
    Chen, L-Q; Qu, X-Q; Hou, B-H; Sosso, D; Osorio, S; Fernie, AR; Frommer, WB
  • The GAOLAOZHUANGREN2 gene is required for normal glucose response and development of Arabidopsis
    Chen, M; Xia, X; Zheng, H; Yuan, Z; Huang, H
  • Sucrose is a signal molecule in assimilate partitioning
    Chiou, TJ; Bush, DR
  • Role of the rice hexokinases OsHXK5 and OsHXK6 as glucose sensors
    Cho, J-I; Ryoo, N; Eom, J-S; Lee, D-W; Kim, H-B; Jeong, S-W; Lee, Y-H; Kwon, Y-K; Cho, M-H; Bhoo, SH
  • Regulatory functions of nuclear hexokinase1 complex in glucose signaling
    Cho, YH; Yoo, SD; Sheen, J
  • The indeterminate gene encodes a zinc finger protein and regulates a leaf-generated signal required for the transition to flowering in maize
    Colasanti, J; Yuan, Z; Sundaresan, V
  • Transcript and metabolite signature of maize source leaves suggests a link between transitory starch to sucrose balance and the autonomous floral transition
    Coneva, V; Guevara, D; Rothstein, SJ; Colasanti, J
  • The role of carbohydrates in the induction of flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana: comparison between the wild type and a starchless mutant
    Corbesier, L; Lejeune, P; Bernier, G
  • Overexpression of Arabidopsis hexokinase in tomato plants inhibits growth, reduces photosynthesis, and induces rapid senescence
    Dai, N; Schaffer, A; Petreikov, M; Shahak, Y; Giller, Y; Ratner, K; Levine, A; Granot, D
  • Trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1, which catalyses the first step in trehalose synthesis, is essential for Arabidopsis embryo maturation
    Eastmond, PJ; Dijken, AJ; Spielman, M; Kerr, A; Tissier, AF; Dickonson, HG; Jones, JD; Smeekens, SC; Graham, IA
  • SWEETs, transporters for intracellular and intercellular sugar translocation
    Eom, JS; Chen, LQ; Sosso, D; Julius, BT; Lin, I; Qu, XQ; Bruan, DM; Frommer, WB
  • Impaired function of the tonoplast-localized sucrose transporter in rice, OsSUT2, limits the transport of vacuolar reserve sucrose and affects plant growth
    Eom, JS; Cho, JI; Reinders, A; Lee, SW; Yoo, Y; Tuan, PQ; Choi, SB; Bang, G; Park, YI; Cho, MH; Bhoo, SH; An, G; Hahn, TR; Ward, JM; Jeon, JS
  • Genetic complementation analysis of rice sucrose transporter genes in Arabidopsis SUC2 mutant atsuc2
    Eom, JS; Nguyeon, CD; Lee, DW; Lee, SK; Jeon, JS
  • Sugars, signaling, and plant development
    Eveland, AL; Jackson, DP
  • Biochemical and structural study of Arabidopsis hexokinase 1
    Feng, J; Zhao, S; Chen, X; Wang, W; Dong, W; Chen, J; Shen, J-R; Liu, L; Kuang, T
  • A tale of two sugars: trehalose 6-phosphate and sucrose
    Figueroa, CM; Lunn, JE
  • Promotion of flowering in Brassica campestris L. cv Ceres by sucrose
    Friend, DJC; Bodson, M; Bernier, G
  • Substantial roles of hexokinase and fructokinase in the effects of sugars on plant physiology and development
    Granot, D; Kelly, G; Stein, O; David-Schwartz, R
  • The sucrose regulated transcription factor bZIP11 affects amino acid metabolism by regulating the expression of ASPARAGINE SYNTHETASE1 and PROLINE DEHYDROGENASE2
    Hanson, J; Hanssen, M; Wiese, A; Hendriks, MM; Smeekens, S
  • Cell wall invertase expression at the apical meristem alters floral, architectural, and reproductive traits in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Heyer, AG; Raap, M; Schroeer, B; Marty, B; Willmitzer, L
  • Qualitative and quantitative analysis of carbohydrates in leaf exudate of the short-day plant, Xanthium strumarium L. during floral transition
    Houssa, P; Bernier, G; Kinet, J
  • Antisense expression of a rice sucrose transporter OsSUT1 in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    Ishimaru, K; Hirose, T; Aoki, N; Takahashi, S; Ono, K; Yamamoto, S; Wu, J; Saji, S; Baba, T; Ugaki, M; Matsumoto, T; Ohsugi, R
  • Hexokinase as a sugar sensor in higher plants
    Jang, JC; Leon, P; Zhou, L; Sheen, J
  • Expression of a bifunctional fusion of the Escherichia coli genes for trehalose-6-phosphate synthase and trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase in transgenic rice plants increases trehalose accumulation and abiotic stress tolerance without stunting growth
    Jang, IC; Oh, SJ; Seo, JS; Choi, WB; Song, SI; Kim, CH; Kim, YS; Seo, HS; Choi, YD; Nahm, BH; Kim, JK
  • AKIN10 delays flowering by inactivating IDD8 transcription factor through protein phosphorylation in Arabidopsis
    Jeong, EY; Seo, PJ; Woo, JC; Park, MC
  • Mitochondria-associated hexokinases play a role in the control of programmed cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana
    Kim, M; Lim, JH; Ahn, CS; Park, K; Kim, GT; Kim, WT; Pai, HS
  • A dual role of tobacco hexokinase 1 in primary metabolism and sugar sensing
    Kim, YM; Heinzel, N; Giese, JO; Koeber, J; Melzer, M; Rutten, T; Wiren, N; Sonnewald, U; Hajirezaei, MR
  • The nature of floral signals in Arabidopsis
    King, RW; Hisamatsu, T; Goldschmidt, EE; Blundell, C
  • Overexpression of the vacuolar sugar carrier AtSWEET16 modifies germination, growth and stress tolerance in Arabidopsis
    Klemens, PAW; Patzke, K; Deitmer, JW; Spinner, L; Hir, R; Bellini, C; Bedu, M; Chardon, F; Krapp, A; Neuhaus, E
  • Nat Plants
    Kretzschmar, T; Pelayo, MAF; Trijatmiko, KR; Gabunada, LFM; Alam, R; Jimenez, R; Medioro, MS; Slamet-Loedin, IH; Sreenivasulu, N; Bailey-Serres, J; Ismail, AM; Mackill, DJ; Septiningsih, EM
  • Sucrose transporters of higher plants
    Kuhn, C; Grof, CP
  • Sugar signals and the control of plant growth and development
    Lastdrager, J; Hanson, J; Smeekens, S
  • ZCN8 encodes a potential orthologue of Arabidopsis FT florigen that integrates both endogenous and photoperiod flowering signals in maize
    Lazakis, CM; Coneva, V; Colasanti, J
  • Overexpression of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene OsTPS1 enhances abiotic stress tolerance in rice
    Li, HW; Zang, BS; Deng, XW; Wang, XP
  • Sugar induced increases in trehalose 6-phosphate are correlated with redox activation of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase and higher rates of starch synthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Lunn, JE; Feil, R; Hendriks, JHM; Gibon, Y; Morcuende, R; Osuna, D; Scheible, WR; Carillo, P; Hajirezawl, MR; Stitt, M
  • Light and sugar regulation of the barley sucrose:fructan 6-fructosyltransferase promoter
    Nagaraj, VJ; Riedl, R; Boller, T; Wiemken, A; Meyer, AD
  • Protein kinase and phosphatase activities are involved in fructan synthesis initiation mediated by sugars
    Noel-Martinez, GMA; Tognetti, JA; Pontis, HG
  • Expression of trehalose-6-phosphate phosphatase in maize ears improves yield in well-watered and drought conditions
    Nuccio, ML; Wu, JW; Mowers, P; Zhou, HP; Meghji, M; Primavesi, LF; Paul, MJ; Chen, X; Gao, Y; Haque, E; Basu, SS; Lagrimini, LM
  • Effects of sugar on vegetative development and floral transition in Arabidopsis
    Ohto, M; Onai, K; Fukukawa, Y; Aoki, E; Araki, T; Nakamura, K
  • The Dtype cyclin CYCD3;1 is limiting for the G1-to-S-phase transition in Arabidopsis
    Menges, M; Samland, AK; Planchais, S; Murray, JAH
  • Altered photosynthesis, flowering, and fruiting in transgenic tomato plants that have an increased capacity for sucrose synthesis
    Micallef, BJ; Haskins, KA; Wanderveer, PJ; Roh, K-S; Shewmaker, CK; Sharkey, TD
  • Role of the Arabidopsis glucose sensor HXK1 in nutrient, light, and hormonal signaling
    Moore, B; Zhou, L; Rolland, F; Hall, Q; Cheng, WH; Liu, YX; Hwang, I; Jones, T; Sheen, J
  • Inhibition of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase in transgenic potatoes leads to sugar-storing tubers and influences tuber formation and expression of tuber storage protein genes
    Muller-Rober, B; Sonnewald, L; Willmitzer, L
  • Trehalose metabolism and signaling
    Paul, MJ; Primavesi, LF; Jhurreea, D; Zhang, Y
  • Acid invertase activity in the apex of Sinapis alba during transition to flowering
    Pryke, JA; Bernier, G
  • AtCYT-INV1, a neutral invertase, is involved in osmotic stress-induced inhibition on lateral root growth in Arabidopsis
    Qi, X; Wu, Z; Li, J; Mo, X; Wu, S; Chu, J; Wu, P
  • Changes in ratio of soluble sugars and free amino nitrogen in the apical meristem during floral transition in tobacco
    Rideout, JW; Raper, CDJ; Miner, GS
  • Sugar sensing and signaling in plants: conserved and novel mechanisms
    Rolland, F; Baena-Gonzalez, E; Sheen, J
  • Modulation of sugar metabolism by an INDETERMINATE DOMAIN transcription factor contributes to photoperiodic flowering in Arabidopsis
    Seo, PJ; Ryu, J; Kang, SK; Park, CM
  • Engineering plants for elevated CO2: a relationship between starch degradation and sugar sensing
    Sharkey, TD; Laporte, M; Lu, Y; Weise, S; Weber, APM
  • Master regulators in plant glucose signaling networks
    Sheen, J
  • Roles of cell-wall invertase and monosaccharide transporters in the growth and development of Arabidopsis
    Sherson, SM; Alford, HL; Forbes, SM; Wallace, G; Smith, SM
  • Arabidopsis Sucrose Transporter AtSUC9. High-affinity transport activity, intragenic control of expression, and early flowering mutant phenotype
    Sivitz, AB; Reinders, A; Johnson, ME; Krentz, AD; Grof, CPL; Perroux, JM; Ward, JM
  • Sucrose transporter1 functions in phloem loading in maize leaves
    Slewinski, TL; Meeley, R; Braun, DM
  • Sucrosespecific induction of the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway in Arabidopsis
    Solfanelli, C; Poggi, A; Loreti, E; Alpi, A; Perata, P
  • CmFTL2 is involved in the photoperiod- and sucrose-mediated control of flowering time in chrysanthemum
    Sun, J; Wang, H; Ren, L; Chen, S; Chen, F; Jiang, J
  • Sucrose signaling in plants
    Tognetti, JA; Pontis, HG; Martinez-Noel, GMA
  • AKIN10 and FUSCA3 interact to control lateral organ development and phase transitions in Arabidopsis
    Tsai, AY; Gazzarrini, S
  • Arabidopsis trehalose 6-phosphate synthase 1 is essential for normal vegetative growth and transition to flowering
    Dijken, AJH; Schluepmann, H; Smeekens, SCM
  • Regulation of flowering by trehalose-6-phosphate signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana
    Wahl, V; Ponnu, J; Schlereth, A; Arrivault, S; Langebecker, T; Franke, A; Geil, R; Lunn, JE; Stitt, M; Schmid, M
  • Controlling seed development and seed size in Vicia faba: a role for seed coat-associated invertases and carbohydrate state
    Weber, H; Borisjuk, L; Wobus, U
  • Diagravitropic growth promoted by high sucrose contents in Paspalum vaginatum, and its reversion by gibberellic acid
    Willemoes, JG; Beltrano, J; Montaldi, ER
  • Sugar transporters in higher plants: a diversity of roles and complex regulation
    Williams, LE; Lemoine, R; Sauer, N
  • The sequential action of miR156 and miR172 regulates developmental timing in Arabidopsis
    Wu, G; Park, MY; Conway, SR; Wang, JW; Weigel, D; Poethig, RS
  • The role of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and sucrose in the regulation of potato tuber formation in vitro
    Xu, X; Lammeren, AAM; Vermeer, E; Vreugdenhil, D
  • Sugar promotes vegetative phase change in Arabidopsis thaliana by repressing the expression of MIR156A and MIR156C
    Yang, L; Xu, M; Koo, Y; He, J; Poethig, RS
  • Sucrose regulates elongation of carrot somatic embryo radicles as a signal molecule
    Yang, Z; Zhang, L; Diao, F; Huang, M; Wu, N
  • Genetic engineering of drought resistant potato plants by introduction of the trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (TPS1) gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Yeo, ET; Kwon, HB; Han, SE; Lee, JT; Byu, MO
  • Sugar is an endogenous cue for juvenile-to-adult phase transition in plants
    Yu, S; Cao, L; Zhou, CM; Zhang, TQ; Lian, H; Sun, Y; Wu, J; Huang, J; Wang, G; Wang, JW
  • Glucose and ethylene signal transduction crosstalk revealed by an Arabidopsis glucoseinsensitive mutant
    Zhou, L; Jang, JC; Jones, TL; Sheen, J
  • Overexpression of OsSWEET5 in rice causes growth retardation and precocious senescence
    Zhou, Y; Liu, L; Huang, W; Yuan, M; Zhou, F; Li, X; Lin, Y

You’re reading a free preview. Subscribe to read the entire article.

Try 2 weeks free now

DeepDyve is your
personal research library

It’s your single place to instantly
discover and read the research
that matters to you.

Enjoy affordable access to
over 18 million articles from more than
15,000 peer-reviewed journals.

All for just $49/month

Explore the DeepDyve Library

or browse the journals available

Search

Query the DeepDyve database, plus search all of PubMed and Google Scholar seamlessly

Organize

Save any article or search result from DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar... all in one place.

Access

Get unlimited, online access to over 18 million full-text articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals.

Your journals are on DeepDyve

Read from thousands of the leading scholarly journals from SpringerNature, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press and more.

All the latest content is available, no embargo periods.

See the journals in your area

DeepDyve

Freelancer

DeepDyve

Pro

Price

FREE

$49/month
$360/year

Save searches from
Google Scholar,
PubMed

Create folders to
organize your research

Export folders, citations

Read DeepDyve articles

Abstract access only

Unlimited access to over
18 million full-text articles

Print

20 pages / month

PDF Discount

20% off

Sign up
for free
Start 14 day
Free Trial