Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
Leath Tonkin, B. Bass (2003)
Mutations in RNAi Rescue Aberrant Chemotaxis of ADAR MutantsScience, 302
C. Niswender, K. Herrick-Davis, Ginney Dilley, H. Meltzer, J. Overholser, C. Stockmeier, R. Emeson, E. sanders-Bush (2001)
RNA Editing of the Human Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor: Alterations in Suicide and Implications for Serotonergic PharmacotherapyNeuropsychopharmacology, 24
P. Seeburg (2002)
A-to-I Editing New and Old Sites, Functions and SpeculationsNeuron, 35
M. Blow, P. Futreal, R. Wooster, M. Stratton (2004)
A survey of RNA editing in human brain.Genome research, 14 12
Han Liang, L. Landweber (2007)
Hypothesis: RNA editing of microRNA target sites in humans?RNA, 13 4
Madhur Kumar, G. Carmichael (1997)
Nuclear antisense RNA induces extensive adenosine modifications and nuclear retention of target transcripts.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 94 8
Yoontae Lee, Kipyoung Jeon, Jun-Tae Lee, Sunyoung Kim, V. Kim (2002)
MicroRNA maturation: stepwise processing and subcellular localizationThe EMBO Journal, 21
Qingde Wang, M. Miyakoda, Weidong. Yang, J. Khillan, D. Stachura, M. Weiss, K. Nishikura (2004)
Stress-induced Apoptosis Associated with Null Mutation of ADAR1 RNA Editing Deaminase Gene*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279
A. Athanasiadis, A. Rich, S. Maas (2004)
Widespread A-to-I RNA Editing of Alu-Containing mRNAs in the Human TranscriptomePLoS Biology, 2
M. Ohman (2007)
A-to-I editing challenger or ally to the microRNA process.Biochimie, 89 10
Jeannette Wolf, A. Gerber, W. Keller (2002)
tadA, an essential tRNA‐specific adenosine deaminase from Escherichia coliThe EMBO Journal, 21
I. Greger, J. Esteban (2007)
AMPA receptor biogenesis and traffickingCurrent Opinion in Neurobiology, 17
J. Ohlson, J. Pedersen, D. Haussler, Marie Öhman (2007)
Editing modifies the GABAA receptor subunit α3RNA, 13
Qingde Wang, Peter O'Brien, Chun‐Xia Chen, D. Cho, J. Murray, K. Nishikura (2000)
Altered G Protein‐Coupling Functions of RNA Editing Isoform and Splicing Variant Serotonin2C ReceptorsJournal of Neurochemistry, 74
R. Reenan, C. Hanrahan, B. Ganetzky (2000)
The mlenapts RNA Helicase Mutation in Drosophila Results in a Splicing Catastrophe of the para Na+ Channel Transcript in a Region of RNA EditingNeuron, 25
C. Burns, H. Chu, S. Rueter, L. Hutchinson, H. Canton, E. sanders-Bush, R. Emeson (1997)
Regulation of serotonin-2C receptor G-protein coupling by RNA editingNature, 387
P.M. Rubtsov (2000)
Alternative Promoters and RNA Processing during Eukaryotic Genome ExpressionMol. Biol. (Moscow), 34
E. Levanon, Martina Hallegger, Y. Kinar, R. Shemesh, K. Djinović-Carugo, G. Rechavi, M. Jantsch, E. Eisenberg (2005)
Evolutionarily conserved human targets of adenosine to inosine RNA editingNucleic Acids Research, 33
R. Brusa, F. Zimmermann, D. Koh, D. Feldmeyer, P. Gass, P. Seeburg, R. Sprengel (1995)
Early-Onset Epilepsy and Postnatal Lethality Associated with an Editing-Deficient GluR-B Allele in MiceScience, 270
Kaari Chilibeck, Tao Wu, Chao Liang, M. Schellenberg, Emily Gesner, J. Lynch, A. MacMillan (2006)
FRET Analysis of in Vivo Dimerization by RNA-editing Enzymes*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281
J. Patterson, C. Samuel (1995)
Expression and regulation by interferon of a double-stranded-RNA-specific adenosine deaminase from human cells: evidence for two forms of the deaminaseMolecular and Cellular Biology, 15
B. Bass (2000)
Double-Stranded RNA as a Template for Gene SilencingCell, 101
M. Higuchi, F. Single, M. Köhler, B. Sommer, R. Sprengel, P. Seeburg (1993)
RNA editing of AMPA receptor subunit GluR-B: A base-paired intron-exon structure determines position and efficiencyCell, 75
D. Sattelle, Andrew Jones, Benedict Sattelle, K. Matsuda, R. Reenan, P. Biggin (2005)
Edit, cut and paste in the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene family of Drosophila melanogasterBioEssays, 27
I. Greger, L. Khatri, Xiangpeng Kong, E. Ziff (2003)
AMPA Receptor Tetramerization Is Mediated by Q/R EditingNeuron, 40
A. Gerber, W. Keller (1999)
An adenosine deaminase that generates inosine at the wobble position of tRNAs.Science, 286 5442
J.C. Hartner, C. Schmittwolf, A. Kispert (2004)
Liver Disintegration in the Mouse Embryo by Deficiency in RNA Editing Enzyme ADAR1J. Biol. Chem., 279
C. George, M. Wagner, C. Samuel (2005)
Expression of Interferon-inducible RNA Adenosine Deaminase ADAR1 during Pathogen Infection and Mouse Embryo Development Involves Tissue-selective Promoter Utilization and Alternative Splicing*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 280
G. Hutvagner, Juanita Mclachlan, A. Pasquinelli, E. Balint, T. Tuschl, P. Zamore (2001)
A Cellular Function for the RNA-Interference Enzyme Dicer in the Maturation of the let-7 Small Temporal RNAScience, 293
A. Penn, Stephen Williams, I. Greger (2008)
Gating motions underlie AMPA receptor secretion from the endoplasmic reticulumThe EMBO Journal, 27
S. Xia, Jinghua Yang, Yingjun Su, Jiang Qian, E. Ma, G. Haddad (2005)
Identification of new targets of Drosophila pre-mRNA adenosine deaminase.Physiological genomics, 20 2
Yongfeng Jin, Nan Tian, Jun Cao, Jing Liang, Zhaolin Yang, Jianning Lv (2007)
RNA editing and alternative splicing of the insect nAChR subunit alpha6 transcript: evolutionary conservation, divergence and regulationBMC Evolutionary Biology, 7
J. Desterro, L. Keegan, M. Lafarga, M. Berciano, M. O’Connell, M. Carmo-Fonseca (2003)
Dynamic association of RNA-editing enzymes with the nucleolusJournal of Cell Science, 116
J. Jepson, R. Reenan (2008)
RNA editing in regulating gene expression in the brain.Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1779 8
A. Gerber, H. Grosjean, T. Melcher, W. Keller (1998)
Tad1p, a yeast tRNA‐specific adenosine deaminase, is related to the mammalian pre‐mRNA editing enzymes ADAR1 and ADAR2The EMBO Journal, 17
E. Pankratova (2008)
Alternative promoters in expression of genetic informationMolecular Biology, 42
M. Higuchi, S. Maas, F. Single, Jochen Hartner, A. Rozov, N. Burnashev, D. Feldmeyer, R. Sprengel, P. Seeburg (2000)
Point mutation in an AMPA receptor gene rescues lethality in mice deficient in the RNA-editing enzyme ADAR2Nature, 406
S. Maas, A. Rich, K. Nishikura (2003)
A-to-I RNA Editing: Recent News and Residual Mysteries*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278
Yong Liu, C. Samuel (1999)
Editing of Glutamate Receptor Subunit B Pre-mRNA by Splice-site Variants of Interferon-inducible Double-stranded RNA-specific Adenosine Deaminase ADAR1*The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274
J. Rosenthal, F. Bezanilla (2002)
Extensive Editing of mRNAs for the Squid Delayed Rectifier K+ Channel Regulates Subunit TetramerizationNeuron, 34
T. Verdoorn, N. Burnashev, H. Monyer, P. Seeburg, B. Sakmann (1991)
Structural determinants of ion flow through recombinant glutamate receptor channelsScience, 252
D. Bartel (2004)
MicroRNAs Genomics, Biogenesis, Mechanism, and FunctionCell, 116
Monsheel Sodhi, P. Burnet, A. Makoff, R. Kerwin, Paul Harrison (2001)
RNA editing of the 5-HT2C receptor is reduced in schizophreniaMolecular Psychiatry, 6
Jochen Hartner, C. Schmittwolf, A. Kispert, A. Müller, M. Higuchi, P. Seeburg (2004)
Liver Disintegration in the Mouse Embryo Caused by Deficiency in the RNA-editing Enzyme ADAR1*Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279
I. Greger, L. Khatri, E. Ziff (2002)
RNA Editing at Arg607 Controls AMPA Receptor Exit from the Endoplasmic ReticulumNeuron, 34
T. Ochsenreiter, M. Cipriano, S. Hajduk (2008)
Alternative mRNA Editing in Trypanosomes Is Extensive and May Contribute to Mitochondrial Protein DiversityPLoS ONE, 3
C. Hanrahan, M. Palladino, B. Ganetzky, R. Reenan (2000)
RNA editing of the Drosophila para Na(+) channel transcript. Evolutionary conservation and developmental regulation.Genetics, 155 3
P. Rubtsov (2000)
Alternative promoters and RNA processing in expression of the eukaryotic genomeMolecular Biology, 34
Weidong. Yang, T. Chendrimada, Qingde Wang, M. Higuchi, P. Seeburg, R. Shiekhattar, K. Nishikura (2006)
Modulation of microRNA processing and expression through RNA editing by ADAR deaminasesNature Structural &Molecular Biology, 13
Y. Kawahara, Boris Zinshteyn, P. Sethupathy, H. Iizasa, A. Hatzigeorgiou, K. Nishikura (2007)
Redirection of Silencing Targets by Adenosine-to-Inosine Editing of miRNAsScience, 315
H. Smith, M. Sowden (1996)
Base-modification mRNA editing through deamination--the good, the bad and the unregulated.Trends in genetics : TIG, 12 10
S. Rueter, T. Dawson, R. Emeson (1999)
Regulation of alternative splicing by RNA editingNature, 399
Ilona Gurevich, H. Tamir, V. Arango, A. Dwork, J. Mann, C. Schmauss (2002)
Altered Editing of Serotonin 2C Receptor Pre-mRNA in the Prefrontal Cortex of Depressed Suicide VictimsNeuron, 34
Leath Tonkin, L. Saccomanno, D. Morse, T. Brodigan, M. Krause, B. Bass (2002)
RNA editing by ADARs is important for normal behavior in Caenorhabditis elegansThe EMBO Journal, 21
L. Keegan, Anne Leroy, D. Sproul, M. O’Connell (2004)
Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA ( ADARs ) : RNA-editing enzymes
B. Sommer, M. Köhler, R. Sprengel, P. Seeburg (1991)
RNA editing in brain controls a determinant of ion flow in glutamate-gated channelsCell, 67
E. Levanon, E. Eisenberg, R. Yelin, S. Nemzer, Martina Hallegger, R. Shemesh, Zipora Fligelman, Avi Shoshan, S. Pollock, Dan Sztybel, M. Olshansky, G. Rechavi, M. Jantsch (2004)
Systematic identification of abundant A-to-I editing sites in the human transcriptomeNature Biotechnology, 22
B. Hoopengardner, Tarun Bhalla, C. Staber, R. Reenan (2003)
Nervous System Targets of RNA Editing Identified by Comparative GenomicsScience, 301
Martina Hallegger, A. Taschner, M. Jantsch (2006)
RNA aptamers binding the double-stranded RNA-binding domain.RNA, 12 11
Y. Kawahara, Kyoko Ito, Hui Sun, H. Aizawa, I. Kanazawa, S. Kwak (2004)
Glutamate receptors: RNA editing and death of motor neuronsNature, 427
Eugene Semenov, W. Pak (1999)
Diversification of Drosophila Chloride Channel Gene by Multiple Posttranscriptional mRNA ModificationsJournal of Neurochemistry, 72
D. Morse, P. Aruscavage, B. Bass (2002)
RNA hairpins in noncoding regions of human brain and Caenorhabditis elegans mRNA are edited by adenosine deaminases that act on RNAProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99
M. Grauso, R. Reenan, Emmanuel Culetto, D. Sattelle (2002)
Novel putative nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit genes, Dalpha5, Dalpha6 and Dalpha7, in Drosophila melanogaster identify a new and highly conserved target of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA-mediated A-to-I pre-mRNA editing.Genetics, 160 4
D. Kim, Thomas Kim, Thomas Walsh, Yoshifumi Kobayashi, T. Matise, S. Buyske, A. Gabriel (2004)
Widespread RNA editing of embedded alu elements in the human transcriptome.Genome research, 14 9
E. Lund, Stephan Güttinger, Â. Calado, J. Dahlberg, U. Kutay (2004)
Nuclear Export of MicroRNA PrecursorsScience, 303
M. Stapleton, J. Carlson, S. Celniker (2006)
RNA editing in Drosophila melanogaster: New targets and functional consequences.RNA, 12 11
T. Nishiki, G. Augustine (2004)
Dual Roles of the C2B Domain of Synaptotagmin I in Synchronizing Ca2+-Dependent Neurotransmitter ReleaseThe Journal of Neuroscience, 24
The present review surveys the available data on the involvement of adenine deamination in RNA molecules in the formation of structurally and functionally diverse RNA and protein subforms in eukaryotic cells. Deamination of adenine by adenosine deaminases that act on RNA (ADARs) leads to the conversion of adenine into inosine (A-I editing) recognized by the splicing and translation systems as guanine. This may modify splicing sites in pre-mRNA and codons in translated regions of mRNA and also affect the RNA secondary structure. Apart from mRNA, editing also involves microRNAs whose regulatory functions in multicellular animals are associated with the inhibition of transcription of target genes or with the degradation of certain RNA transcripts. ADARs can inhibit the production of mature microRNAs or modify microRNAs so that their specificity to target genes is altered. Adenosine deaminases editing adenines in transport RNAs (ADATs) convert adenine into inosine in tRNAs of all eukaryotes; as a result, the diversity of tRNA forms in the cell increases.
Russian Journal of Genetics – Springer Journals
Published: Jan 12, 2010
Read and print from thousands of top scholarly journals.
Already have an account? Log in
Bookmark this article. You can see your Bookmarks on your DeepDyve Library.
To save an article, log in first, or sign up for a DeepDyve account if you don’t already have one.
Copy and paste the desired citation format or use the link below to download a file formatted for EndNote
Access the full text.
Sign up today, get DeepDyve free for 14 days.
All DeepDyve websites use cookies to improve your online experience. They were placed on your computer when you launched this website. You can change your cookie settings through your browser.