Record of Tubastraea coccinea on Xestospongia barrel sponge: a new threat to Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico reefs?

Abstract

Reef sites Record of Tubastraea coccinea on Xestospongia barrel sponge: a new threat to Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico reefs? Over the last 30 years, Tubas- traea spp. has acquired the status of one of the most effective invasive species in the western Atlantic Ocean causing impacts in community structure, mortality of native corals, and the predation of both fish and invertebrate lar- va, with presumed effects on fishing yields (Creed et al. 2017; Miranda et al. 2018). During sampling for...