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Background Dexamethasone has many desirable pharmacologic properties for perioperative use. Its antiemetic potential has been a focus of many recent trials. Methods Trials comparing dexamethasone to 5-HT3-receptor antagonists (5HT3-RA) for 24 h postoperative vomiting inci- dences published till August 2017 were searched in the medical database. Comparisons for antiemetic efficiency variables (vomiting incidence, nausea incidence, rescue antiemetic need, and patients with complete response) during early (until 6 h) and late postoperative phase were made. Comparative analgesic requirements were also evaluated. Results Twenty randomized controlled double-blinded trials were included in the final analysis. Twenty-four-hour vomiting incidence was similar (Fixed-effects, P =0.86, I = 2.94%). Trial sequential analysis (TSA) confirmed non-inferiority of dexa- methasone for 24-h vomiting incidence. (α =5%, β =20%, δ = 10%) with Binformation size^ being 1619 (required > 573). Equivalence was also verified from early and delayed nausea rate as well using TSA. Pooled results did not demonstrate superiority/inferiority of 5-HT3-RAs over dexamethasone in all other antiemetic efficacy variables (early and delayed). Heterogeneity was found to be low in all of the comparisons. Linear-positive dose-response curve for dexamethasone 24-h vomiting and nausea incidence was seen (correlation coefficient being 0.21 and 0.28, respectively). Dexamethasone reduced the analgesic need
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology – Springer Journals
Published: Jun 1, 2018
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