Outbreak of tomato wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in Tamil Nadu, India and elucidation of its genetic relationship using multilocus sequence typing (MLST)

Outbreak of tomato wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in Tamil Nadu, India and elucidation of... High incidence of wilt disease (35–45%) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was recently observed in two different locations of Tamil Nadu state of India. Infected plants showed typical wilt symptoms which include sudden green wilting of foliage followed by drooping of leaves downwards. The characteristic white milky ooze observed on the cut end of infected stem indicated bacterial etiology. Upon isolation, bacterium produced white fluidal irregular colonies with characteristic pink center on 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride amended nutrient medium. The bacterium caused typical green wilting 4–5 days post inoculation (dpi) on one month old tomato plants. The identity of bacterium was confirmed as Ralstonia solanacearum using 16S rRNA gene sequences as well as by R. solanacearum specific PCR. Further studies confirmed that the bacterium belonged to race 1 and biovar 3. In depth genetic characterization using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that the wilt outbreaks in Tamil Nadu were caused by genetically distinct race 1 strains of R. solanacearum. While the isolate, TRsR found clustered with R. solanacearum isolates previously reported from Andaman and Nicobar Islands-India, TRsP is clustered with isolates reported from Kerala, India. The results of our MLST based genetic analysis clearly indicated horizontal spread of bacterial wilt disease of tomato as a consequence of pathogen migration with the expansion of cultivation in India. http://www.deepdyve.com/assets/images/DeepDyve-Logo-lg.png European Journal of Plant Pathology Springer Journals

Outbreak of tomato wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum in Tamil Nadu, India and elucidation of its genetic relationship using multilocus sequence typing (MLST)

Download PDF
9 pages
Read Article

Loading next page...
 
/lp/springer_journal/outbreak-of-tomato-wilt-caused-by-ralstonia-solanacearum-in-tamil-nadu-MAQwLUxnRY
Publisher
Springer Journals
Copyright
Copyright © 2018 by Koninklijke Nederlandse Planteziektenkundige Vereniging
Subject
Life Sciences; Plant Pathology; Plant Sciences; Ecology; Agriculture; Life Sciences, general
ISSN
0929-1873
eISSN
1573-8469
DOI
10.1007/s10658-017-1414-3
Publisher site
See Article on Publisher Site

Abstract

High incidence of wilt disease (35–45%) of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was recently observed in two different locations of Tamil Nadu state of India. Infected plants showed typical wilt symptoms which include sudden green wilting of foliage followed by drooping of leaves downwards. The characteristic white milky ooze observed on the cut end of infected stem indicated bacterial etiology. Upon isolation, bacterium produced white fluidal irregular colonies with characteristic pink center on 2, 3, 5 triphenyl tetrazolium chloride amended nutrient medium. The bacterium caused typical green wilting 4–5 days post inoculation (dpi) on one month old tomato plants. The identity of bacterium was confirmed as Ralstonia solanacearum using 16S rRNA gene sequences as well as by R. solanacearum specific PCR. Further studies confirmed that the bacterium belonged to race 1 and biovar 3. In depth genetic characterization using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed that the wilt outbreaks in Tamil Nadu were caused by genetically distinct race 1 strains of R. solanacearum. While the isolate, TRsR found clustered with R. solanacearum isolates previously reported from Andaman and Nicobar Islands-India, TRsP is clustered with isolates reported from Kerala, India. The results of our MLST based genetic analysis clearly indicated horizontal spread of bacterial wilt disease of tomato as a consequence of pathogen migration with the expansion of cultivation in India.

Journal

European Journal of Plant Pathology – Springer Journals

Published: Jan 15, 2018

References

  • PAMDB, a multi locus sequence typing and analysis database and website for plant-associated microbes
    Almeida, NF; Yan, S; Cai, R; Clarke, CR; Morris, CE; Schaad, NW; Schuenzel, EL; Lacy, GH; Sun, X; Jones, JB; Castillo, JA; Bull, CT; Leman, S; Guttman, DS; Setubal, JC; Vinatzer, BA
  • Evolutionary dynamics of Ralstonia solanacearum
    Castillo, JA; Greenberg, JT
  • Survival of Pseudomonas solanacearum biovar 3 on seeds of eggplant
    Chatterjee, B; Chakraborty, M; Habib, AKMA; Samaddar, KR
  • Transmission of Pseudomonas solanacearum through tomato seeds
    Devi, LR; Menon, MR
  • EBURST: inferring patterns of evolutionary descent among clusters of related bacterial genotypes from multi locus sequence typing data
    Feil, EJ; Li, BC; Aanensen, DM; Hanage, WP; Spratt, BG
  • Characteristics of Pseudomonas solanacearum
    Hayward, AC
  • Bacterial Wilt: The disease and its causative agent, Pseudomonas solanacearum
    Hayward, AC
  • The relationship of pathogenicity in Pseudomonas solanacearum to colony appearance on tetrazolium medium
    Kelman, A
  • Methods for screening ginger (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) for bacterial wilt resistance
    Kumar, A
  • Host specificity and genetic diversity of race 4 strains of Ralstonia solanacearum
    Kumar, A; Prameela, TP; Suseelabhai, R; Siljo, A; Anandaraj, M; Vinatzer, BA
  • Differentiation of Pseudomonas solanacearum by a leaf infiltration technique
    Lozano, JC; Sequeira, L
  • Seed and soil: sources of inoculum for the colonization of the foliage of solanaceous hosts by Pseudomonas solanacearum
    Moffett, ML; Wood, BA; Hayward, AC
  • A novel method for development of species and strain-specific DNA probes and PCR primers for identifying Burkholderia solanacearum (formerly Pseudomonas solanacearum)
    Opina, N; Tavner, F; Holloway, G; Wang, JF; Li, TH; Maghirang, R; Fegan, M; Hayward, AC; Krishnapillai, V; Hong, WF; Holloway, BW; Timmis, JN
  • Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum as assessed by PCR-RFLP of the hrp gene region, AFLP and 16S rRNA sequence analysis and identification of an African subdivision
    Poussier, S; Trigalet-Demery, D; Vandewalle, P; Goffinet, B; Luisetti, J; Trigalet, A
  • Genomic and proteomic evidence supporting the division of the plant pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum into three species
    Prior, P; Ailloud, F; Dalsing, BL; Remenant, B; Sanchez, B; Allen, C
  • Seed transmission of Pseudomonas solanacearum in tomato and eggplant
    Roopali, S
  • Polyphasic taxonomic revision of the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex: proposal to emend the descriptions of Ralstonia solanacearum and Ralstonia syzygii and reclassify current R. syzygii strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. syzygii subsp. nov., R. solanacearum phylotype IV strains as Ralstonia syzygii subsp. indonesiensis subsp. nov., banana blood disease bacterium strains as Ralstonia syzygii sub sp. celebesensis subsp. nov. and R. solanacearum phylotype I and III strains as Ralstonia pseudosolanacearum sp. nov
    Safni, I; Cleenwerck, I; Vos, P; Fegan, M; Sly, L; Kappler, U
  • Diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum strains on the Andaman Islands in India
    Sakthivel, K; Kumar, A; Devendrakumar, C; Vibhuti, M; Neelam, S; Gautam, RK; Kumar, K; Dam Roy, S; Vinatzer, BA
  • Diversity and distribution of Ralstonia solanacearum strains in Guatemala and rare occurrence of tomato fruit infection
    Sanchez Perez, A; Mejia, L; Fegan, M; Allen, C
  • Displaying the relatedness among isolates of bacterial species -the e-BURST approach
    Spratt, BG; Hanage, WP; Li, B; Aanensen, DM; Feil, EJ
  • Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of strains of Burkholderia solanacearum, Pseudomonas syzygii and the blood disease bacterium of banana based on 16S rRNA gene sequences
    Taghavi, M; Hayward, C; Sly, LI; Fegan, M
  • Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 6.0
    Tamura, K; Stecher, G; Peterson, D; Filipski, A; Kumar, S
  • Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees
    Tamura, K; Nei, M

You’re reading a free preview. Subscribe to read the entire article.

Try 2 weeks free now

DeepDyve is your
personal research library

It’s your single place to instantly
discover and read the research
that matters to you.

Enjoy affordable access to
over 18 million articles from more than
15,000 peer-reviewed journals.

All for just $49/month

Explore the DeepDyve Library

or browse the journals available

Search

Query the DeepDyve database, plus search all of PubMed and Google Scholar seamlessly

Organize

Save any article or search result from DeepDyve, PubMed, and Google Scholar... all in one place.

Access

Get unlimited, online access to over 18 million full-text articles from more than 15,000 scientific journals.

Your journals are on DeepDyve

Read from thousands of the leading scholarly journals from SpringerNature, Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford University Press and more.

All the latest content is available, no embargo periods.

See the journals in your area

DeepDyve

Freelancer

DeepDyve

Pro

Price

FREE

$49/month
$360/year

Save searches from
Google Scholar,
PubMed

Create folders to
organize your research

Export folders, citations

Read DeepDyve articles

Abstract access only

Unlimited access to over
18 million full-text articles

Print

20 pages / month

PDF Discount

20% off

Sign up
for free
Start 14 day
Free Trial